Which of the following statements about the relationship between the central bank and commercial banks are accurate (if needed, assume that interest rates are positive)?

a)Commercial banks pay interest on their reserves with the central bank.

b)Commercial banks' reserves are liabilities of the central bank.

c)When commercial banks borrow from the central bank, the interest rate is determined by the demand and supply for loans.

d)The central bank can stop commercial banks from becoming insolvent by making emergency loans to them.