Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the the Research and Development (R&D) tax credit, a. The credit is calculated at 50% of the increase in qualified research and development over a defined base amount. b. The credit is a penalty for spending corporate funds on research and development. c. Unused research and development credit can be carried forward indefinitely d. Qualified small businesses can use the research and development credit to offset FICA employer portion of payroll tax