Which of the following statements reflect possible negative externalities associated with urban sprawl? O A. Segregation, inequality, and declining social capital. O B. Greater traffic-related air pollution from increased use of motor vehicles. O C. Increased energy demand from larger home sizes in the periphery. O D. All of the above. QUESTION 20 According to the monocentric city model discussed in class, which of the following forces will lead to a reduction in urban sprawl? O A. Reductions in land prices in the periphery of the city. B. Reductions in the cost of commuting to the central business district. O C. Reductions in the size of the city's population. O D. Reductions in income for urban residents. QUESTION 21 The environmental Kuznets curve postulates a relationship between a country's GDP per capita (on the x-axis) and its environmental degredation (on the y- axis). What is the shape of this relationship? O A. Negative and linear (so that environmental degredation always falls as income per capita increases) O B. Inverse U-shaped (so that initially, the environment worsens as GDP per capita increases, but then it improves as GDP per capita continues to increase) O C. U-shaped (so that initially, the environment improves as GDP per capita increases, but then it worsens as GDP per capita continues to increase) O D. Positive and linear (so that environmental degredation always increases as income per capita increases)