Which of the following would result in a broadening of provider gap $1?$

Multiple Choice

The service intermediary for a cruise line wants to only sell those cruises on which it would receive the highest commissions

The ski resort has an over$-$reliance on price to smooth demand for its resort facilities

The marketing research done by the motel chain includes insufficient research about what its target market wants

The ads for the language program over$-$promise how quickly the average person will be able to learn a foreign language

All of the above would result in a broadening of provider gap $1$