Which one of the following events causes anincreasein a household's demand for money?

a.A reduction in the average value of market transactions carried out by the household.

b.A rise in the average value of non-market economic activities carried out by the household.

c.A decline in the real income and expenditure of the household.

d.A rise in the price level when the real income of the household remains constant.

e.A decline in the price level when the real income of the household remains constant.