While Western leadership often emphasizes individualism, decisiveness, and charisma, non-Western cultures offer diverse viewpoints, including: a.) team and work harmony, close workplace relationships building, and personal leadership. b.) independence, personal harmony, close relationship building, personal growth, and great personal leadership. c.) interconnectedness, harmony, consensus, relationship building, personal growth, and collective leadership. d.) scientific method, systematic processes, and standardization models that support self-directed inquiry and investigations