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Williams Company is a manufacturer of auto parts having the following financial statements for 2018-2019. Balance Sheet December 31 2019 2018 Cash $ 263,000 $

Williams Company is a manufacturer of auto parts having the following financial statements for 2018-2019.

Balance Sheet
December 31
2019 2018
Cash $ 263,000 $ 138,000
Accounts receivable 153,000 228,000
Inventory 388,000 178,000
Total current assets $ 804,000 $ 544,000
Long-lived assets 1,670,000 1,530,000
Total assets $ 2,474,000 $ 2,074,000
Current liabilities 236,000 205,000
Long-term debt 900,000 830,000
Shareholders equity 1,338,000 1,039,000
Total debt and equity $ 2,474,000 $ 2,074,000

Income Statement
For the years ended December 31
2019 2018
Sales $ 3,530,000 $ 3,630,000
Cost of sales 2,560,000 2,660,000
Gross margin 970,000 970,000
Operating expenses* 503,000 417,000
Operating income 467,000 553,000
Taxes 186,800 193,550
Net income $ 280,200 $ 359,450

Cash Flow from Operations
2019 2018
Net income $ 280,200 $ 359,450
Plus depreciation expense 75,000 65,000
+ Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable and inventory (135,000 )
+ Increase (decrease) in current liabilities 31,000
Cash flow from operations $ 251,200 $ 424,450

*Operating expenses include depreciation expense.

Additional financial information, including industry averages for 2019, where appropriate, includes:

2019 2018 Industry 2019
Capital expenditures $ 110,000 $ 130,000
Income tax rate 40 % 35 % 35.0 %
Depreciation expense $ 75,000 $ 65,000
Dividends $ 47,000 $ 47,000
Year-end stock price $ 2.55 $ 3 25.00
Number of outstanding shares 1,830,000 1,830,000
Sales multiplier 1.50
Free cash flow multiplier 18.00
Earnings multiplier 9.00
Cost of capital 5 % 5 %
Accounts receivable turnover 11.10
Inventory turnover 10.50
Current ratio 2.30
Quick ratio 1.90
Cash flow from operations ratio 1.20
Free cash flow ratio 1.10
Gross margin percentage 30.0 %
Return on assets (net book value) 20.0 %
Return on equity 30.0 %

Required:

Develop a business valuation for Williams Company for 2019 using the following methods: (1) book value of equity, (2) market value of equity, (3) discounted cash flow (DCF), (4) enterprise value, and (5) all the multiples-based valuations for which there is an industry average multiplier. For the calculation of the DCF valuation, you may use the simplifying assumption that free cash flows will continue indefinitely at the amount in 2019.

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