Would like to get answers to the conceptual questions provided below. Not expecting to get an answer to each one as there are quite a lot provided, but a few from each one would be much appreciated.

Astrophysics Questions When possible, use the resources provided in class for answo the questions. The internet is not always reliable with many of Mar. 21" these topics. Spring Quality over quantity. Some questions require more equimon explanation than others. Part of understanding the question is understanding how much needs to be said. Orbit Dec. 21" Summe Winter soltice Sun 1. The Earth orbits 1/4 of the way around the sun olatice June 21 every season. Using Kepler's laws and your knowledge of the calendar explain how you can figure out, in which of our seasons, we closer to Autumn the Sun. (Do not be distracted by the tilt of the Earth, it has aquinoa nothing to do with this question) Sept. 21" 2. Some comets have a long orbital period (hundreds of years in some cases) but are only visible for a short time (a few months). Use one of Kepler's laws to deduce the shape of the orbit. 3. The word black is used to describe the stapler and it is also used to describe a black hole. They are not the same black. Explain why a black hole is more black than an every day object that you would refer to as black. 4. Why is it so much more difficult to experience a solar eclipse compared to a lunar eclipse? 5. Beside the really blurry picture taken in 2019, what is some of the other convincing indirect evidence that black holes exist? 6. Why would you get spaghetti-fied going into a black hole? 7. How does "the dark forest" explain Fermi's paradox. A depressing explanation, but an explanation nonetheless. 8. How are a black hole and dividing by zero similar, and how are they different? 9. "What came before the big bang?" is not a valid question based on our current theories of physics. Why not?Some Conceptual Questions about Light When possible, use the resources provided in class for answer the questions. The internet is not always reliable with many of these topics. Quality over quantity. Some questions require more explanation than others. Part of understanding the question is understanding how much needs to be said. 1. What was Newton's particle explanation for why light refracts? (there should probably be some words but mostly a diagram) 2. How did Newton use particles to explain dispersion? (again pictures or words or both) 3. How did measuring the speed of light under water support the wave model of light? 4. How did Maxwell fix the ether problem? 5. What colour would the sky be if the Earth had no atmosphere and why? 6. What colour would sunlight be if the atmosphere were much denser (like 50 times denser) 7. Why is a diffraction grating better than a two-slit setup for measuring the wavelengths of light? 8. Sound diffracts around doors and windows and yet you will never observe light doing this. Why not? 9. It takes light 8 minutes to get from the Sun to the Earth. Give two reasons why this travel time is not increased significantly by our atmosphere. 10. Use refraction to explain dispersion.Some Conceptual Questions about Modern Physics ' When possible1 use the resources provided in class for answer the questions. 111e Internet Is not always reliable with many ot these topics. ' Quality over quantity. Some questions require more explanation than others. Part of understanding the question Is understanding how much needs to he said. 1. Name at least two things that light does that cannot be explained by the particle model? 2. Name at least two things that light does that cannot be explained by the wave model? 3. Planck's constant is the smallest constant in physics. What EEL'lIEIpIJraI] would it have on the world if it were a much bigger number? 4. If a baseball is dropped off of a cliff, what happens to its wavelength as it falls? 5. How do we predict mathematically {before any experiment) whether an object should behave as a wave or a particle? .5. Which model of light is more useful? [the answer is not 'both'} 3'. Does the uncertainty principle set a limit to how well you can measure the position of an object? 3. Why is there some debate about whether the person that gets out of a teleportation machine is the same as the person that got in? 9. Why will we never understand certain things (like black holes} until we have a unied theory? 10.5tring theory might be able to connect relativity and quantum mechanics but why are some physicists not fans of string theory? 11.When you walk through a doorway, you have momentum and yet you don't diffract through the opening. Why is that? Some Conceptual Questions about Relativity When possible, use the resources provided in class for answer the questions. The internet is not always reliable with many of these topics. Quality over quantity. Some questions require more explanation than others. Part of understanding the question is understanding how much needs to be said. 1. If an astronaut was on a spaceship that was travelling away from the Earth at 0.7 c, would they notice a change in their heartbeat. What about their mass? Height? Waistline? If you were observing them from the Earth, would you notice a change in any of those things about the astronaut? 2. What effect would If have on time dilation if the speed of light was infinite? 3. The average human life span is 73 years. If is possible to visit a distant planet that is more than 73 light years away. 4. If you apply a force to an object of mass m for a really long period of time then how would Its velocity change over time? 5. If A causes B, then A must occur before B. Is it possible that A occurs before B In one frame of reference but B occurs before A In another frame of reference? (does relativity destroy the concept of causality?) 6. The woman is an astronaut. The man is her son. Explain how this could be possible