Year\tName\tMinPressure_before\tGender_MF\tCategory\talldeaths 1950\tEasy\t958\t1\t3\t2 1950\tKing\t955\t0\t3\t4 1952\tAble\t985\t0\t1\t3 1953\tBarbara\t987\t1\t1\t1 1953\tFlorence\t985\t1\t1\t0 1954\tCarol\t960\t1\t3\t60 1954\tEdna\t954\t1\t3\t20 1954\tHazel\t938\t1\t4\t20 1955\tConnie\t962\t1\t3\t0 1955\tDiane\t987\t1\t1\t200 1955\tIone\t960\t0\t3\t7 1956\tFlossy\t975\t1\t2\t15 1958\tHelene\t946\t1\t3\t1 1959\tDebra\t984\t1\t1\t0 1959\tGracie\t950\t1\t3\t22 1960\tDonna\t930\t1\t4\t50 1960\tEthel\t981\t1\t1\t0 1961\tCarla\t931\t1\t4\t46 1963\tCindy\t996\t1\t1\t3 1964\tCleo\t968\t1\t2\t3 1964\tDora\t966\t1\t2\t5 1964\tHilda\t950\t1\t3\t37 1964\tIsbell\t974\t1\t2\t3 1965\tBetsy\t948\t1\t3\t75 1966\tAlma\t982\t1\t2\t6 1966\tInez\t983\t1\t1\t3 1967\tBeulah\t950\t1\t3\t15 1968\tGladys\t977\t1\t2\t3 1969\tCamille\t909\t1\t5\t256 1970\tCelia\t945\t1\t3\t22 1971\tEdith\t978\t1\t2\t0 1971\tFern\t979\t1\t1\t2 1971\tGinger\t995\t1\t1\t0 1972\tAgnes\t980\t1\t1\t117 1974\tCarmen\t952\t1\t3\t1 1975\tEloise\t955\t1\t3\t21 1976\tBelle\t980\t1\t1\t5 1977\tBabe\t995\t1\t1\t0 1979\tBob\t986\t0\t1\t1 1979\tDavid\t970\t0\t2\t15 1979\tFrederic\t946\t0\t3\t5 1980\tAllen\t945\t0\t3\t2 1983\tAlicia\t962\t1\t3\t21 1984\tDiana\t949\t1\t2\t3 1985\tBob\t1002\t0\t1\t0 1985\tDanny\t987\t0\t1\t1 1985\tElena\t959\t1\t3\t4 1985\tGloria\t942\t1\t3\t8 1985\tJuan\t971\t0\t1\t12 1985\tKate\t967\t1\t2\t5 1986\tBonnie\t990\t1\t1\t3 1986\tCharley\t990\t0\t1\t5 1987\tFloyd\t993\t0\t1\t0 1988\tFlorence\t984\t1\t1\t1 1989\tChantal\t986\t1\t1\t13 1989\tHugo\t934\t0\t4\t21 1989\tJerry\t983\t0\t1\t3 1991\tBob\t962\t0\t2\t15 1992\tAndrew\t922\t0\t5\t62 1993\tEmily\t960\t1\t3\t3 1995\tErin\t973\t1\t2\t6 1995\tOpal\t942\t1\t3\t9 1996\tBertha\t974\t1\t2\t8 1996\tFran\t954\t1\t3\t26 1997\tDanny\t984\t0\t1\t10 1998\tBonnie\t964\t1\t2\t3 1998\tEarl\t987\t0\t1\t3 1998\tGeorges\t964\t0\t2\t1 1999\tBret\t951\t0\t3\t0 1999\tFloyd\t956\t0\t2\t56 1999\tIrene\t987\t1\t1\t8 2002\tLili\t963\t1\t1\t2 2003\tClaudette\t979\t1\t1\t3 2003\tIsabel\t957\t1\t2\t51 2004\tAlex\t972\t0\t1\t1 2004\tCharley\t941\t0\t4\t10 2004\tFrances\t960\t1\t2\t7 2004\tGaston\t985\t0\t1\t8 2004\tIvan\t946\t0\t3\t25 2004\tJeanne\t950\t1\t3\t5 2005\tCindy\t991\t1\t1\t1 2005\tDennis\t946\t0\t3\t15 2005\tOphelia\t982\t1\t1\t1 2005\tRita\t937\t1\t3\t62 2005\tWilma\t950\t1\t3\t5 2005\tKatrina\t902\t1\t3\t1833 2007\tHumberto\t985\t0\t1\t1 2008\tDolly\t963\t1\t1\t1 2008\tGustav\t951\t0\t2\t52 2008\tIke\t935\t0\t2\t84 2011\tIrene\t952\t1\t1\t41 2012\tIsaac\t965\t0\t1\t5 2012\tSandy\t945\t1\t2\t159 Use the Tornadoes Data and your statistical expertise to answer the questions: Is it reasonable to claim that the average number of tornadoes in April and August are different? 1. What test/procedure did you perform? a. One-sided t-test b. Two-sided t-test c. Regression d. Confidence interval 2. What is the relevant P-Value/margin of error? a. 1.7981E-05 b. 8.17505E-06 c. 4.08753E-06 d. 0.05370006 e. None of these 3. Statistical Interpretation a. Since P-Value is very small we are confident that the tornadoes in April will influence the tornadoes in August. b. Since P-value is not small we cannot claim that the tornadoes in April will influence the tornadoes in August. c. Since P-value is very small we are confident that the average numbers of tornadoes are different. d. None of these. 4. Conclusion a. Yes, I am confident that the above assertion is reasonable. b. No, I cannot claim that the above assertion is reasonable. Use the Tornadoes Data and your statistical expertise to answer the questions: Is it reasonable to claim that there are more observed tornadoes per year than tornado related deaths per year? 5. What test/procedure did you perform? a. One-sided t-test b. Two-sided t-test c. Regression d. Confidence interval 6. What is the P-Value/margin of error? a. 0.007034504 b. 0.34922 c. 4.07497E-24 d. 2.03749E-24 e. None of these 7. Statistical Interpretation a. Since P-value is very small we are confident that the number of tornadoes will influence the tornadoes' deaths. b. Since P-value is not small we cannot claim that the number of tornadoes will influence the tornadoes' deaths. c. Since P-value is very small we are confident that the averages of these two data are different. d. None of these. 8. Conclusion a. Yes, I am confident that the above assertion is correct. b. No, I cannot claim that the above assertion is correct. Use the Tornadoes data and your statistical expertise to answer the questions: Is it reasonable to claim that on average October has less tornado-related deaths than April (per year)? 9. What test/procedure did you perform? a. One-sided t-test b. Two-sided t-test c. Regression d. Confidence interval 10. What is the P-Value/margin of error? a. 0.723595771 b. 1.8 c. 0.007110117 d. 0.003555059 e. None of these 11. Statistical Interpretation a. Since confidence interval of 3.68411 is below 4 we are confident that the number of tornado-related deaths is below 4. b. Since P-value is not small we cannot claim that the number of tornado-related deaths is below 4. c. Since confidence interval is above 4 we cannot claim that the number of tornadorelated deaths is below 4. d. None of these. 12. Conclusion a. Yes, I am confident that the above claim is reasonable. b. No, I cannot claim that the above claim is reasonable. Your insurance company has converged for three types of cars. The annual cost for each type of cars can be modeled using Gaussian (Normal) distribution, with the following parameters: (Discussions allowed!) Car type 1 Mean=$520 and Standard Deviation=$110 Car type 2 Mean=$720 and Standard Deviation=$170 Car type 3 Mean=$470 and Standard Deviation=$80 Use Random number generator and simulate 1000 long columns, for each of the three cases. Example: for the Car type 1, use Number of variables=1, Number of random numbers=1000, Distribution=Normal, Mean=520 and Standard deviation=110, and leave random Seed empty. Next: use either sorting to construct the appropriate histogram or rule of thumb to answer the questions: 13. What is approximate probability that Car Type 2 has annual cost less than $550? a. Between 1% and 3% b. Between 27% and 39% c. Between 55% and 70% d. None of these 14. Which of the three types of cars is least likely to cost more than $700? a. Type 1 b. Type 2 c. Type 3 15. For which of the three types we have the highest probability that it will cost between $400 and $500? a. Type 1 b. Type 2 c. Type 3 Using the previous tutorial, address the following: Imagine an experiment where three dice are tossed and the numbers on each die is recorded under Die1, Die2 and Die3. Answer the following questions about the sum of the three numbers recorded from: Die1+Die2+Die3. (Discussions allowed) Hint: Simulate this experiment 1000 times. (use the same procedure as in the above tutorial, but for the Number of Variables, instead of 1 put 3; since we are rolling 3 dice not one). Next, create a new column by writing, in cell D1 =A1+B1+C1, and scroll down the results by clicking on D1 cell and bottom-right corner. (for more detail see the Book chapter on lecture 26) Finally create the histogram based on this new column. Use bins 3,4,5,...,18. 16. What is the (approximate) probability that Die1+Die2+Die3=5? a. Probability is approximately 3% b. Probability is approximately 10% c. Probability is approximately 15% d. Probability is approximately 20% 17. What is the (approximate) probability that Die1+Die2+Die3>12? a. Probability is approximately 5% b. Probability is approximately 10% c. Probability is approximately 15% d. Probability is approximately 25% 18. What is the (approximate) probability that Max(Die1,Die2,Die3)=3? Careful: Use \"Max( ) function in Excel. a. Probability is approximately 5% b. Probability is approximately 10% c. Probability is approximately 25% d. Probability is approximately 45% Open Hurricane data. SETUP: Is it reasonable to assume that average hurricane deaths in 1960's are not different from those in 1970's? Given the data, your job is to check if this assertion is indeed reasonable or not. HINT: Read Lecture 24. 19. What would be the correct Null-Hypothesis? a. Data related to two decades should not be related. b. The population averages are equal. c. The slope of the regression line is equal to zero. d. None of these. 20. The P-value is 0.58. What can be statistically concluded? a. We reject the Null Hypothesis. b. We accept the Null Hypothesis. c. We cannot reject the Null Hypothesis. d. None of these. 21. Write a one-line additional comment. a. We cannot conclude that data related to two decades are related. b. We are confident that hurricane deaths for 60's and 70's are similar. c. We cannot conclude that hurricane deaths for 60's and 70's are different. d. None of these. Tornadoes\tand\tDeaths\tby\tYear\tand\tMonth\t(1950-1994) Year\tTotal\tTornadoes\tTornadoes\tby\tMonth\tTotal\tDeaths\tDeaths\tby\tMonth Jan\tFeb\tMar\tApr\tMay\tJune\tJuly\tAug\tSept\tOct\tNov\tDec\tJan\tFeb\tMar\tApr\tMay\tJune\tJuly\tAug\tSept\tOct\tNov\tDec 1950\t201\t7\t20\t21\t15\t61\t28\t23\t13\t3\t2\t4\t4\t70\t1\t45\t1\t12\t2\t6\t0\t0\t0\t0\t0\t3 1951\t260\t2\t10\t6\t26\t57\t76\t23\t27\t9\t2\t12\t10\t34\t0\t1\t0\t2\t7\t9\t5\t0\t8\t0\t1\t1 1952\t240\t12\t27\t43\t37\t34\t34\t27\t16\t1\t0\t6\t3\t230\t0\t10\t209\t4\t2\t2\t2\t1\t0\t0\t0\t0 1953\t422\t14\t16\t40\t47\t94\t111\t32\t24\t5\t6\t12\t21\t519\t0\t3\t24\t36\t163\t244\t0\t0\t0\t0\t0\t49 1954\t550\t2\t17\t62\t113\t101\t107\t45\t49\t21\t14\t2\t17\t36\t0\t2\t10\t2\t9\t5\t0\t1\t3\t2\t0\t2 1955\t593\t3\t4\t43\t99\t148\t153\t49\t33\t15\t23\t20\t3\t129\t0\t0\t5\t7\t106\t2\t5\t0\t2\t1\t1\t0 1956\t504\t2\t47\t31\t85\t79\t65\t92\t42\t16\t29\t7\t9\t83\t0\t8\t1\t67\t4\t0\t1\t2\t0\t0\t0\t0 1957\t858\t17\t5\t38\t216\t228\t147\t55\t20\t17\t18\t59\t38\t193\t13\t0\t1\t30\t87\t14\t0\t0\t2\t2\t25\t19 1958\t564\t11\t20\t15\t76\t68\t128\t121\t46\t24\t9\t45\t1\t67\t0\t13\t0\t4\t0\t43\t1\t1\t1\t4\t0\t0 1959\t604\t16\t20\t43\t30\t226\t73\t63\t38\t58\t24\t11\t2\t58\t3\t21\t9\t1\t8\t2\t0\t0\t14\t0\t0\t0 1960\t616\t9\t28\t28\t70\t201\t125\t42\t48\t21\t18\t25\t1\t46\t0\t0\t0\t7\t34\t3\t0\t1\t0\t1\t0\t0 1961\t697\t1\t31\t124\t74\t137\t107\t77\t27\t53\t14\t36\t16\t52\t0\t0\t7\t4\t23\t2\t0\t0\t15\t0\t1\t0 1962\t657\t12\t25\t37\t41\t200\t171\t78\t51\t24\t11\t5\t2\t30\t1\t0\t17\t2\t4\t0\t0\t6\t0\t0\t0\t0 1963\t463\t15\t6\t48\t84\t71\t90\t62\t26\t33\t13\t15\t0\t31\t1\t0\t8\t16\t1\t0\t0\t2\t3\t0\t0\t0 1964\t704\t14\t2\t36\t157\t134\t137\t63\t79\t25\t22\t17\t18\t73\t10\t0\t6\t15\t16\t0\t0\t2\t0\t22\t0\t2 1965\t897\t21\t32\t34\t123\t273\t147\t85\t61\t64\t16\t34\t7\t301\t0\t0\t2\t268\t17\t7\t0\t1\t0\t1\t5\t0 1966\t585\t1\t28\t12\t80\t98\t126\t100\t58\t22\t29\t20\t11\t98\t0\t0\t58\t12\t0\t19\t3\t0\t0\t6\t0\t0 1967\t926\t39\t8\t42\t149\t116\t210\t90\t28\t139\t36\t8\t61\t114\t7\t0\t3\t73\t3\t6\t1\t2\t5\t4\t0\t10 1968\t660\t5\t7\t28\t102\t145\t136\t56\t66\t25\t14\t44\t32\t131\t0\t0\t0\t40\t72\t11\t2\t2\t0\t0\t3\t1 1969\t608\t3\t5\t8\t68\t145\t137\t98\t70\t20\t26\t5\t23\t66\t32\t0\t1\t2\t4\t7\t0\t19\t0\t0\t0\t1 1970\t654\t9\t16\t25\t117\t88\t134\t82\t55\t54\t50\t10\t14\t73\t0\t0\t2\t30\t26\t6\t3\t0\t0\t6\t0\t0 1971\t889\t19\t83\t40\t75\t166\t199\t100\t50\t47\t38\t16\t56\t159\t1\t134\t2\t11\t7\t1\t1\t0\t0\t0\t0\t2 1972\t741\t33\t7\t69\t96\t140\t114\t115\t59\t49\t34\t17\t8\t27\t5\t0\t0\t16\t0\t2\t0\t2\t0\t0\t2\t0 1973\t1102\t33\t10\t80\t150\t250\t224\t80\t51\t69\t25\t81\t49\t89\t1\t0\t17\t10\t35\t3\t1\t4\t3\t0\t12\t3 1974\t945\t24\t23\t36\t267\t144\t194\t59\t107\t25\t45\t13\t8\t366\t2\t0\t1\t317\t10\t31\t0\t0\t0\t5\t0\t0 1975\t919\t52\t45\t84\t108\t188\t196\t79\t60\t34\t12\t39\t22\t60\t12\t7\t12\t13\t5\t6\t2\t2\t0\t0\t0\t1 1976\t834\t12\t36\t180\t113\t155\t169\t84\t38\t35\t11\t0\t1\t44\t0\t5\t21\t1\t8\t3\t2\t1\t3\t0\t0\t0 1977\t852\t5\t17\t64\t88\t228\t132\t99\t82\t65\t25\t24\t23\t43\t0\t2\t0\t26\t4\t0\t1\t6\t1\t1\t0\t2 1978\t789\t23\t7\t17\t107\t213\t148\t143\t65\t20\t7\t9\t30\t53\t2\t0\t0\t4\t7\t17\t11\t1\t6\t0\t0\t5 1979\t855\t16\t4\t53\t123\t112\t150\t132\t126\t69\t47\t21\t2\t84\t0\t0\t1\t58\t2\t8\t1\t5\t2\t7\t0\t0 1980\t866\t5\t11\t41\t137\t203\t217\t95\t73\t37\t43\t3\t1\t28\t0\t0\t2\t4\t8\t7\t5\t0\t1\t1\t0\t0 1981\t782\t2\t25\t33\t84\t187\t223\t98\t64\t26\t32\t7\t1\t24\t0\t2\t1\t13\t0\t8\t0\t0\t0\t0\t0\t0 1982\t1047\t18\t3\t60\t150\t329\t196\t95\t34\t38\t9\t19\t96\t64\t1\t0\t6\t30\t14\t4\t0\t0\t2\t0\t0\t7 1983\t931\t13\t41\t71\t65\t249\t178\t99\t76\t19\t13\t49\t58\t34\t2\t1\t0\t6\t14\t2\t4\t0\t0\t0\t0\t5 1984\t907\t1\t27\t73\t176\t169\t242\t72\t47\t17\t49\t30\t4\t122\t0\t0\t64\t33\t6\t14\t0\t0\t0\t4\t1\t0 1985\t684\t2\t7\t38\t134\t182\t82\t51\t108\t40\t18\t19\t3\t94\t0\t0\t2\t5\t78\t3\t0\t3\t0\t0\t3\t0 1986\t765\t0\t30\t76\t84\t173\t134\t88\t67\t65\t26\t17\t5\t15\t0\t2\t6\t2\t1\t0\t3\t1\t0\t0\t0\t0 1987\t656\t6\t19\t38\t20\t126\t132\t163\t63\t19\t1\t55\t14\t59\t0\t6\t1\t1\t31\t2\t0\t1\t0\t0\t11\t6 1988\t702\t17\t4\t28\t58\t132\t63\t103\t61\t76\t19\t121\t20\t32\t5\t0\t1\t4\t3\t0\t0\t3\t1\t0\t14\t1 1989\t856\t14\t18\t43\t82\t231\t252\t59\t36\t31\t30\t57\t3\t50\t0\t0\t1\t0\t9\t5\t0\t0\t0\t4\t31\t0 1990\t1133\t11\t57\t86\t108\t243\t329\t106\t60\t45\t35\t18\t35\t53\t0\t1\t3\t0\t5\t11\t0\t29\t0\t2\t0\t2 1991\t1132\t29\t11\t157\t204\t335\t216\t64\t46\t26\t21\t20\t3\t39\t1\t0\t13\t21\t0\t1\t1\t0\t0\t0\t2\t0 1992\t1297\t15\t29\t55\t53\t137\t399\t213\t115\t81\t34\t146\t20\t39\t0\t0\t5\t0\t0\t1\t0\t3\t0\t4\t26\t0 1993\t1173\t17\t34\t48\t85\t177\t313\t242\t112\t65\t55\t19\t6\t33\t0\t3\t5\t10\t2\t1\t0\t6\t2\t4\t0\t0 1994\t1082\t13\t9\t58\t205\t161\t234\t155\t120\t30\t51\t42\t4\t69\t0\t0\t40\t12\t0\t3\t3\t4\t0\t0\t7\t0 Jan 2 201 2 260 0 240 6 422 14 550 23 593 29 504 18 858 9 564 24 604 18 616 14 697 11 657 13 463 22 704 16 897 29 585 36 926 14 660 26 608 50 654 38 889 34 741 25 1102 45 945 12 919 11 834 25 852 7 789 47 855 43 866 32 782 9 1047 13 931 49 907 18 684 26 765 1 656 19 702 30 856 35 1133 21 1132 34 1297 55 1173 51 1082