You and your know-it-all boss are sitting in a meeting reviewing recent data on product demand at Lopez International Products. A frequency distribution of demand made up of many observations is presented along with the mean and standard deviation of the data. You carefully observe the shape of the frequency distribution looking for a hint of general form--it certainly doesn't appear to be Normal or even Uniform. Finally, your boss says: Well, it is obvious to me that 95% of the data lie within 2 standard deviations above and below the mean. I'll stake my reputation on it! Then she settles back into her chair with a smirk on her face that you have grown to loathe. She turns to you and says: I bet they didn't teach you that kind of decisiveness at the Mason School of Business. The interpretation of this data is very important to the firm; thus, great caution must be exercised in making statements about the proximity of the data to the mean of the distribution.

For years she has chided you about your MBA: claiming that her alma mater (on the job training and , incidentally, being the CEO's daughter) is superior. This is your chance to show her that she is technically wrong and that your MBA is superior to her training. If you could just remember that name of that Russian mathematician, you would tell her that his name is "X" and your estimate for the minimum percentage of data that is 2 standard deviations about the mean is "Y":

Which of the following is true (pick one)?

A. X=Chebyshev; Y=68%

B. X=Chebyshev; Y=75%

C. None of the above