You are an insurance broker/agent who services a large book of personal lines automobile business. The standard automobile insurance policy has limitations and/or exclusions that may be added to the policy in certain circumstances. Explain to your client why an endorsement is necessary in each of the following situations, and briefly describe to the client what coverage the endorsement provides.

a. Your client takes a long-term lease on an automobile -- the terms of the lease require him to arrange his own insurance. (4 marks)

b. The insured has restored an older automobile and has an appraisal showing that it has a much higher value than other automobiles of that year and model. (4 marks)

c. The insured is in real estate sales and want to make sure he can rent a replacment automobile in the event his own is damaged. (4 marks)

d. The insured lays his automobile up for the winter but wants coverage for damage to it while it is not in use. (4 marks)

e. The insured purchased a new vehicle and would like know what he can do to protect the value of the new purchase. (4 marks)