You are the audit senior on the audit of Resilient Furniture Manufacturers Pty Ltd (Resilient). Your firm has recently been appointed as the first auditors of the company.

You interview the managing director of the company to obtain background information on Resilient and to understand its business operations, its environment and system of internal control. You noted and documented the following:

?Resilient was founded 30 years ago and makes 'grandfather' clocks (freestanding, weight driven, pendulum clocks).

? The clocks are made in one factory (situated in the Alice Springs) and are distributed through boutique homeware and antique furniture stores.

? The clocks are advertised mainly in local newspapers and through pamphlet drops.

? In order to promote longer production runs and minimise finished goods stocks, Resilient's retail distributors are offered stock on a 'sale or return' basis. This means that the homeware and antique furniture stores are invoiced immediately, subject to a 90-day term of payment, but are allowed to return the stock up to 30 days before payment is due. Only the marketing manager has been given the authority to make these offers.

? All of Resilient's timber is obtained from offshore sources. Timber prices, which are denominated in US dollars, have risen substantially over the past two years and the recent drop in the value of the Australian dollar has caused them to rise even further.

? Timber purchases are secured by providing Resilient's suppliers with letters of credit which become due when the container shipment of timber arrives in Australia.

? Labour costs are high due to the craftsmanship and quality required for the production of the grandfather clocks. Skilled labour is not easy to obtain and wage rates have recently risen.

? Resilient has found it difficult to pass on these timber and labour price increases to customers.

An analysis of costs indicates that there have been material negative purchase price variances in purchases of timber over the course of the year. You have compiled the following information from Resilient's financials:

? the current ratio as at 30 June 2019 is 1.24

? the shareholders' funds to total assets ratio is 30%

? gross profit margins and net profit margins for the year ended 30 June 2019 have dropped to the level where losses are being incurred.

Resilient's finanical report is attached here.

Resilient's bank finances the company's timber purchases using bills of exchange drawn at 90 days from the date of payment of the shipment. It has also extended loan finance to Resilient. The bank covenant, which is due for review shortly, requires Resilient to:

? maintain a current ratio of 1.2

? maintain a shareholders' funds to total assets ratio of at least 30%

? maintain net sales of a minimum of $100,000 per quarter

? can you please make a general purpose financial report for the year ended 30 June 2019 and have it audited according to Australian Auditing Standards. This is a requirement of the bank covenant as Resilient is not required to produce a general purpose financial report under the Corporations Act.

Part 1 question

For parts (a), (b) and (c) of this question, please disregard all going concern considerations. Based on the background information above and your use of preliminary analytical procedures, answer the following questions:

a) Identify and explain two (2) asset accounts at risk of material misstatement.

b) Describe one (1) issue regarding the prior year's figures and explain why.

c) Describe three (3) factors that may bring into question the going concern assumption for Resilient. Disregarding the evaluation of management's assessment of the going concern assumption, briefly describe the effect of the facts on your audit planning.

Now, after examining Resilient's detailed trial balance, you notice that one of the expenses of the sales and marketing department is 'sales bonuses'. You question this expense and the company's accountant informs you that a monthly bonus of 10% of salary is paid to all sales and marketing staff if sales for the month exceed the budgeted target. The marketing manager is entitled to a 20% bonus if the targets are achieved. This incentive was implemented during the previous financial year and was in place for the last six months of the year. You note that the bonus has been paid every month since the incentive was implemented (except for the previous month, when sales were much lower than expected). This seems a little unusual because Resilient had only achieved its budgeted sales targets in two out of the six months prior to the start of the scheme. You investigate results for the last six months of the year and find that:

? sales were above the monthly budget figure when bonuses were paid

? there was no significant change in gross margins

? returns of stock sold on the 'sale or return' basis were well below those in the first six months except in the final month of the year

? debtors' levels (measured in days outstanding) were above their budgeted levels but returned to a more normal level at year end.

On further inquiry, the accountant advises that the marketing manager is authorized to do the following with regard to the stock sold on a 'sale or return' basis:

? offer customers a 'sale or return' deal as long as the deal is within the company's pricing structures and the terms of the scheme

? initiate and approve the invoicing of customers when a sale is made (i.e. if the stock is not returned within 60 days)

? initiate and approve the issue of credit notes for these customers when returns are made within 60 days or when pricing or quality issues arise

Part 2 question

Based on the background information above, answer the following questions:

a) Explain one (1) internal control issue at Resilient.

b) Identify and explain two (2) fraud risk factors at Resilient.

c) Identify two (2) assertions (as defined by ASA 315) at risk as a result of the fraud risk factors identified in (b) above. Justify your answer with reference to the background scenario.

d) Describe two (2) audit procedures that would address potential misstatements arising from fraudulent financial reporting. Ensure that your procedures are specific to the scenario and the fraud risk factors identified in (b) above. You may wish to refer to Appendix of ASA 240.

Resilient Furniture Manufacturers Pty Ltd (Resilient) Balance Sheet 2019 2018 2017 Current assets Debtors 748,681 774,469 665,939 Sale or return debtors 483,020 499,657 429,638 Inventory 300,035 305,013 256,376 1,531,737 1,579, 140 1,351,953 Non-current assets Property, plant and machinery 1,967,404 1,993,058 1,867,593 Total assets 3,499, 141 3,572, 198 3,219,546 Current liabilities Trade and other creditors 395,019 343,545 289,049 Bills payable 509,494 517,947 435,355 Bank overdraft 135,576 13,337 55,672 Current portion of bank loans 200,000 200,000 200,000 1,240,090 1,074,830 980,076 Non-current liabilities Bank loans 1,200,000 1,400,000 1,600,000 Equity Share capital 500,000 500,000 500,000 Retained earnings 559,051 597,368 139,470 1,059,051 1,097,368 639,470 3,499, 141 3,572, 198 3,219,546Profit and Loss Account Gross sales 6,077,296 6,233, 124 5,350,321 Returns 200,551 153,958 123,057 Net sales 5,876,745 6,079, 166 5,227,264 Cost of sales Materials 2,066,281 2, 100,563 1,765,606 Labour 1,397,778 1, 153, 128 963,058 Other 516,570 506, 130 438,726 3,980,629 3,759,820 3,167,390 Standard Cost Variances Purchase price (121,546) (49,865) (16,051) Labour cost (182,319) (62,331) (26, 136) (303,865) (112, 196) (42, 187) Operating profit 1,592,252 2,207, 149 2,017,686 Expenses Administration 791,918 754,208 600,841 Sales and marketing 663, 198 642,012 524,331 Financing 175,452 156,789 123,457 1,630,569 1,553,009 1,248,630 Net profit (loss) (38,317) 654, 140 769,057 Tax 0 196,242 230,717 Net profit after tax (loss) (38,317) 457,898 538,340