You should answer the following questions using the IRAC method, and with reference to relevant case authorities, where appropriate.

Francis is a kindergarten school boy playing at the school playground during lunch time. Francis climbs up a ladder on the playground which was quite rusty. The rung he was on then broke off resulting in him falling and sustaining serious injuries. The school usually has a teacher supervising playground activity but was short on staff and so no one was on duty during the time Francis was playing. Advise Francis' parents on their remedies in tort law against the school.