You will find an SPSS dataset containing the data that was collected in Part II of the Course Project in the Course Project module on Canvas. The data has been imported directly into SPSS from Qualtrics. You will also find a pdf copy of the survey. You are required to do the following: Make a final decision on the research question you wish to explore in this section of the Course Project. This question should include only one dependent (also known as "outcome") variable. You should have a main independent variable (also known as "exposure") of interest as well. For example, "Is bicycle riding associated with lack of sleep?". Your question must meet the following criteria: o Information on both the dependent and independent variables must be available in the SPSS dataset from the survey. So if we did not ask about bicycle riding you cannot ask a question relating to bicycle riding. o There must be some variation in the data for both of these variables. That means that at least 15% of the study sample must have answered the question differently than the others. (For example: If the survey question was, "Do you ride a bicycle? Yes/No" and 3 out of 100 respondents answered "No", this is not an acceptable choice. You will need to look at the survey to determine if the variable you want to use has any variation in the data.

Write a brief introduction (100 to 150 words) stating your research question and why you believe the association may exist. Please provide logical, scientific, reasons which you will back up with citations from reputable sources (examples: CDC website, Peer-reviewed articles). Do not include statements such as "I wondered if" or "I think that" as these are not appropriate for scientific or academic writing. Based on the research question you are exploring, create a Table of Characteristics (TOC) that: o describes the overall study sample's characteristics o compares participants with one level of your outcome of interest (dependent variable) to those on another level (you will need to create a dichotomous variable to do this if your dependent variable is not dichotomous already). o use the correct statistics for each type of data. You are required to provide p- values for tests of statistical significance. o adheres to the standards for tables presented in this class o contains: at least 25 variables (characteristics) at least 5 variables that describe the demographics of the study sample (example: age) at least 4 continuous variables (or discrete variables analyzed as if they are continuous variables) the remaining variables should be related to the dependent and independent variables in your research question To construct the TOC you will need to create a dataset that you will use for your analyses. You have two options for doing this: o Use the entire dataset provided on Canvas o Create a new dataset using only the variables that you will potentially use. You can do this by deleting (clear in SPSS) the variables that you will not be using. o Whichever option you choose, you will need to do the following: Examine the dataset and ensure that variables and data are correct. Fix any errors in the dataset. You should fix ALL variables in your dataset, not just the ones you will use. Although you might not need the other variables currently it is good practice to ensure all data is correct. One never know if/when any variables will be needed so they should be clean. Give each variable a name. The name should be descriptive, 8 or less characters and needs to start with a letter and should only contain letters, number, or underscores. Currently the variable names are the question numbers from the survey. You will find the actual question

in the "Label" column on SPSS. Make sure the "Type" column is correct. Remember, if the values for the variables are all numbers, then the correct type is "Numeric", but if the values contain even on character that is not a number, the correct type is "String". We are not using the other variable types in this class. Set the "Width" at a reasonable level for the values for each variable. SPSS does not do well with very wide variables. Each variable must be as wide as the value with greatest number of characters for that variable. The "Decimal" column should be set according to the number of decimal places you need for that variable's value. Use "Label" for text that describes the variable in more detail than "Name". This can have any number of characters and can contain numbers, letters or characters. It can be longer than 8 characters, but this is what will print out on tables etc. so do not make it unreasonably long. SPSS has already created some labels, but you must ensure that they are correct. Use the "Missing" column to indicate any values you plan to use to indicate that the data is missing. SPSS will then drop the missing value from the analysis. I usually put "9999" in the cell that is missing a value (in data view) and then indicate that "9999" means missing in this column (in variable view). No need to worry about "Columns" nor "Align". These will not affect your analyses. Make sure you have the correct choice in the "Measure" column. Remember Scale = continuous (or discrete if analyzing as if it were continuous), ordinal = ordinal, and Nominal = Nominal. This can affect your analysis if done incorrectly. Do not change the "Role" column, they are all input and should stay that way. Make sure your data is clean o Use your cleaned dataset to construct your TOC. Please submit this dataset as a .sav file with Part III of the course project. Name the file "yourname"CPdataset.sav". Write a summary statement based on your Table of Characteristics that: o provides a summary describing the overall study sample o discusses the similarities and differences between the groups o make sure to discusses if the group with the outcome of interest (as measured by the dependent variable) is similar to the group without the

outcome of interest as far as the independent variable you selected is concerned. o Do not just reiterate the statistics in the table. You should interpret your results and may need to cite others here. o In other words, tell me what this data tells us

Download HED 547 Winter 2024 CP Survey Data.sav