You work in a property management company. You are assigned to develop financial reports for a rental property, Spring Heights, which is a 50-unit apartment building in the city of Melbourne. The building has 50 three-bedroom apartment units with current monthly rent of $2,500. Leases with tenants are made for 12-month periods.

The following table shows the lease structure and status of all the units as of 30 June 2021.

Type	Status	# of Units	Lease Start Date	Lease Expiry Date	Monthly Rent
Type I Units	Occupied	45	1 July 21	30 June 22	$2,500
Type II Units	Vacant	5	--	--	--

When these leases (Type I) rollover near end of June 2022, a certain percentage are expected to be renewed at market rents for an additional 12 months. The rest would remain vacant for a month on average. On the other hand, vacant units (Type II) will be leased out at the market rent throughout the year. Some units are vacated due to non-payment of rent, early termination, etc. In terms of additional income, Spring Lake expects to earn a total of $40,000 from laundry facilities, renting of tennis courts, parking, and others in a year.

You find that operating expense per unit is approximately $300 per month in the first 6 months in 2021, including utilities, real estate taxes, security, landscaping, insurance, and repairs. Your company is paid $20,000 annually for managing this property. The recurring expense, primarily make-ready expense (carpet, paint, drywall repairs, ), is currently $50,000 per annum. The property has no mortgage. The owner has an income tax bracket of 25%. The property is subject to an annual depreciation allowance of 2.5%. The purchase price (in 2010) of this property was $15 million. Its building component was recorded as $8 million.

The owner feels that the rental apartment sector may not recover soon. She is considering selling the property at the end of 2021 because she has several other investment opportunities. She could also hold it for another two years and wait for the market to rebound. Additionally, she wonders if she should invest in remodeling of the kitchens and bathrooms and make other investments to increase the selling price if she must sell it in two years.

Question 4. [20 marks, Suggested Word Count 500]

Given the information provided earlier, please prepare an annual operating budget for Spring Heights Apartments for the year 2022 (from 01/01/2022 to 31/12/2022). In completing this task, you COULD make your own assumptions because the information given above might not be sufficient.

1. Explain briefly how to estimate market rent in 2022 and account for vacancy and collection loss in calculating the income. You should refer to additional sources to justify your estimates.

[6 marks]

2. Explain briefly how to estimate operating expenses. Refer to additional sources if necessary.

[4 marks]

3. Calculate Net Operating Income (NOI), Before-Tax Cash Flow (BTCF), and After-Tax Cash Flow (ATCF). Create an itemized annual budget in a spreadsheet and copy the table here. Below is a template for you to start with. You may want to add more items if necessary. Ensure that the table includes NOI, BTCF, and ATCF. Explain the process of your calculation briefly. Write down the formulas if necessary.

[10 marks]

Template for your worksheet.

Operating Income
	Gross Scheduled Rent
	Less Loss to Vacancy
	Less Collection Loss
	Gross Collectible Income
	Other Income
	Total Anticipated Income
Operating Expense
	Less Operating Expense
	Less Management Fee
Net Operating Income
	Net Operating Income
Recurring Expenses
	Less Recurring Capital Expense
	Less Debt Service
	Before-Tax Cash Flow
Taxable Income and Tax Payment
	Less Recurring Capital Expense
	Less Loan Interest Payment
	Less Depreciation
	Taxable Income
	Income Tax Payment
After-Tax Cash Flow
	After-Tax Cash Flow

Question 5. [20 marks, Suggested Word Count 800]

Given the information provided earlier, you are asked to make recommendations on: (1) whether the owner should sell this property now or wait for two years; (2) whether she need to renovate the building to get a better price in two years. In completing this task, you SHOULD make your own assumptions if the information given above is insufficient.

1. Create a table in a spreadsheet and copy the table here. Build on the table you created in Question 4. Prepare a 2-year forecast of income and expenses for Spring Heights Apartments (from 01/01/2022 to 31/12/2023). Ensure that the table includes estimates of NOI, BTCF, and ATCF. Explain the process of your calculation briefly. Write down the formulas if necessary. (Suggested word count: 200)

[6 marks]

2. Without calculation or creating a spreadsheet model, explain the steps in making a recommendation to the owner on whether she should dispose the property now or wait for another two years. If you strongly prefer, you could use a spreadsheet table to demonstrate it. But it is not requested. Some information to answer this question is not given. You must fill in the gaps yourself and indicate the information you need to collect. (Suggested word count: 300)

[8 marks]

3. Without calculation or creating a spreadsheet model, explain the steps in making a recommendation to the owner on whether she should renovate the property. Some information is not given. If you strongly prefer, you could use a spreadsheet table to demonstrate it. But it is not requested. Some information to answer this question is not given. You must fill in the gaps yourself and indicate the information you need to collect. (Suggested word count: 300)

[6 marks]