YOUR TASK;

You should not start a section with a Textbox, graph or table. Through every section, you should also avoid putting all of the tables and graphs together, or putting all of the Textboxes together. Instead, you should spread them out, so that each Textbox, graph or table is located next to the bit of analysis.

In the main text, you should not simply describe what we can already see by looking at the data in the table or graph. Instead, you should use those words to analyse WHY the data are doing what they are doing - drawing on your knowledge of economic theory and policy,

Textboxes contain GENERAL concepts, definitions etc, that you draw on in your analysis. DO NOT include any country-specific analysis in the Textboxes. Also, do not put general concepts and definitions in the main text as that is a waste of words.

structure to follow:

Start by discussing whether current poverty measures were appropriate for Russia. These should in a Textbox and, number every text box you can simply and clearly to cross-reference the relevant Textbox that your are linking your analysis to.

Locate the Textbox immediately after that discussion.

Following on from that, present the tables I have asked you to make so then I can turn them into graphs on excel, but not all together. Rather make sure that there is a bit of analysis, then some graphs, then more analysis, then another graph...etc.

then progress onto the next theme within Poverty. This could involved a second Textbox, a graph and some text of analysis.

After that, present another graph, more analysis, more Textboxes and more graphs - BUT mix them up so that each bit of analysis has the relevant textbox and data close to it.

After quite a bit of this, come to Inequality. Again, this started with some introductory text, before alternating Textboxes, graphs and analysis.

Table you are making for my graphs Concepts to Consider for Your Analysis: Poverty and Inequality in Russia

1. Inequality:

• Definition: Inequality captures the disproportionate distribution of total national income (Todaro et al., 2014).
• Global Perception: A recent Pew Research Center (PRC) survey highlights that more than 60 percent of respondents worldwide consider the gap between the rich and the poor a major challenge.
• Impact of COVID-19: The coronavirus pandemic has exacerbated existing inequalities of wealth, gender, and race. While billionaire fortunes returned to pre-pandemic highs in nine months, recovery for the world's poorest people could take over a decade (OXFAM International, 2021).
• Significance: Explore why inequality matters and whether it is perceived as a necessary evil.

2. Conceptual Views on Inequality:

• Inequality of Outcome (Vertical):
  • Components: Income and wealth.
• Inequality of Opportunity (Horizontal):
  • Factors: Ethnicity, family background, and gender.

3. Measuring Inequality:

• Size Distribution of Income.
• Functional Distribution of Income.
• Distribution of Income by Recipient.
• Distribution of Wealth.

4. Means and Medians:

• Real GDP per Capita: Understand how a nation's standard of living changes over time and compare income inequality across different nations.
• Median Income: Overcomes the limitation of average or mean income by representing the income of the middle person in a distribution.

5. Quantiles:

• Definition: Divide the population into quantile groups such as quartiles, quintiles, or deciles.
• Quantile Ratio: Compare the average income in the highest quantile to the average income in the lowest quantile.

By addressing these key concepts and incorporating relevant data and analysis, you can provide a comprehensive understanding of poverty and inequality in Russia. Ensure to intersperse your analysis with appropriate graphs, tables, and text boxes for clarity and coherence. Remember to reference reliable sources and consult with instructors for additional guidance. GRAPHS (I would like you to use for your analysis)

poverty graph

\fGINI COEFFICIENT 42 41.5 O 41 40.5 O 40 39.5 39 38.5 38 O 37.5 O 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025