Question
ZXY Company es una empresa de productos alimenticios. ZXY est considerando expandirse a dos nuevos productos y una segunda planta de produccin. Los productos alimenticios
ZXY Company es una empresa de productos alimenticios. ZXY est considerando expandirse a dos nuevos productos y una segunda planta de produccin. Los productos alimenticios son alimentos bsicos con demandas constantes. La expansin propuesta requerir una inversin de $7,000,000 para equipos con una vida estimada de diez aos, despus de lo cual todos los equipos y otros activos se pueden vender por un estimado de $1,000,000. Estarn alquilando las instalaciones. ZXY requiere un 12 por ciento de retorno de las inversiones. Se le ha pedido que recomiende si realizar o no la inversin.
Al preparar y respaldar su recomendacin de realizar o no la inversin, incluya los siguientes elementos como parte de su anlisis:
Anlisis de informacin financiera.
Identificacin de riesgos asociados a la inversin. Considerar:
Lo arriesgado que parece el proyecto.
Qu tan lejos pueden estar sus estimaciones de ingresos y gastos antes de que cambie su decisin.
La diferencia si la empresa usara una depreciacin en lnea recta versus una depreciacin MACRS.
Recomendacin de un curso de accin.
Explicacin de los criterios que sustentan su recomendacin
ESTADOS FINANCIEROS
ZXY - Pronstico | |||||||||||
Diez aos | |||||||||||
Estado de resultados proforma | Ao 1 | Ao 2 | ao 3 | ao 4 | ao 5 | Ao 6 | Ao 7 | Ao 8 | Ao 9 | ao 10 | Total |
Nuevo sistema Acme - sistema completo | |||||||||||
Ingreso | |||||||||||
Ganancia | |||||||||||
Producto A | 2,400,000 | 2,800,000 | 2,800,000 | 3,240,000 | 3,900,000 | 3,900,000 | 3,900,000 | 3,900,000 | 3,900,000 | 3,900,000 | 34.640.000 |
Producto B | 900,000 | 1,350,000 | 2,500,000 | 3,000,000 | 4,000,000 | 4,950,000 | 5,500,000 | 22,200,000 | |||
Los ingresos totales | 2,400,000 | 2,800,000 | 2,800,000 | 4,140,000 | 5,250,000 | 6,400,000 | 6,900,000 | 7,900,000 | 8,850,000 | 9,400,000 | 56.840.000 |
Costo de los bienes vendidos | |||||||||||
Control de plagas | 50,000 | 66,550 | 73,205 | 73,205 | 73,205 | 73,205 | 73,205 | 73,205 | 73,205 | 73,205 | 702,190 |
Mandatos SQF FDA | 90.000 | 90.000 | 90.000 | 90.000 | 90.000 | 30,000 | 30,000 | 30,000 | 30,000 | 30,000 | 600.000 |
Alquiler - Planta | 400.000 | 408,000 | 416,160 | 424,483 | 432,973 | 441,632 | 450,465 | 459,474 | 468,664 | 478,037 | 4,379,888 |
Equipo de planta. - Fklf - Scrb/arrendamiento | 40.000 | 64.000 | 64.000 | 64.000 | 64.000 | 64.000 | 64.000 | 64.000 | 64.000 | 64.000 | 616,000 |
Equipo de planta. - Mantenimiento en proceso | 50,000 | 70.000 | 75,000 | 75,000 | 75,000 | 75,000 | 75,000 | 75,000 | 75,000 | 75,000 | 720.000 |
Equipo de planta. - Partes | 40.000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 490.000 |
Equip variado | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 150.000 |
Reparaciones de edificios | 25,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 250.000 |
Suministros para plantas | 100,000 | 120,000 | 144.000 | 109,808 | 120,789 | 132,868 | 146,154 | 160.770 | 176,847 | 194,532 | 1,405,767 |
Utilidades de la planta | 120,000 | 210,000 | 240.000 | 240.000 | 240.000 | 240.000 | 240.000 | 240.000 | 240.000 | 240.000 | 2,250,000 |
Retiro de basura/Limpieza | 30,000 | 45,626 | 52,470 | 52,470 | 52,470 | 52,470 | 52,470 | 52,470 | 52,470 | 52,470 | 495,388 |
telefono de planta | 7,200 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 72,000 |
Gasto de nmina de planta | 495,000 | 675,000 | 825,000 | 885,000 | 915,000 | 975,000 | 1,005,000 | 1,065,000 | 1,095,000 | 1,125,000 | 9,060,000 |
Beneficios de la salud | 45,360 | 97,200 | 105,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 | 947,560 |
Gastos de WC y P/R | 59,400 | 81,000 | 99,000 | 106,200 | 109,800 | 117,000 | 120,600 | 127,800 | 131.400 | 135.000 | 1,087,200 |
Instalacin/Equipo Adicional | 250.000 | - | 200,000 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 450.000 |
COGS totales | 1,816,960 | 2,024,576 | 2.481.035 | 2,317,366 | 2,370,437 | 2,398,375 | 2.454.095 | 2,544,919 | 2,603,786 | 2,664,444 | 23.675.993 |
Beneficio bruto | 583,040 | 775,424 | 318,965 | 1,822,634 | 2,879,563 | 4,001,625 | 4,445,905 | 5,355,081 | 6,246,214 | 6,735,556 | 33,164,007 |
Gastos distintos de GOGS | |||||||||||
Seguro de responsabilidad | 60.000 | 91,253 | 104,940 | 104,940 | 104,940 | 104,940 | 104,940 | 104,940 | 104,940 | 104,940 | 990,776 |
Cargos por servicios bancarios | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 15,000 |
Inters de la deuda | 90,627 | 187,626 | 232,323 | 206,766 | 166,740 | 122,959 | 75,071 | 31,993 | 7,539 | 111 | 1,121,754 |
Plan de incentivos | 13,200 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 145,200 | |
Gestin | 180.000 | 180.000 | 180.000 | 180.000 | 180.000 | 190.000 | 190.000 | 190.000 | 190.000 | 190.000 | 1,850,000 |
Impuestos de Compensacin de Trabajadores/P/R | 21,600 | 21,600 | 21,600 | 21,600 | 21,600 | 22,800 | 22,800 | 22,800 | 22,800 | 22,800 | 222,000 |
Beneficio de seguro de salud | 4200 | 5,082 | 5,590 | 5,590 | 5,590 | 5,590 | 5,590 | 5,590 | 5,590 | 5,590 | 54,004 |
Gastos de oficina/administrativos | 12,000 | 15,972 | 17,569 | 17,569 | 17,569 | 17,569 | 17,569 | 17,569 | 17,569 | 17,569 | 168,526 |
Legal y Profesional - Fiscal | 30,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 120,000 |
Telfonos celulares | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 50,000 |
Servicios de Internet | 4.400 | 5,856 | 6,442 | 6,442 | 6,442 | 6,442 | 6,442 | 6,442 | 6,442 | 6,442 | 61,793 |
Franqueo y entrega | 1,100 | 1,464 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 15,448 |
Material de oficina | 11,000 | 9,983 | 10,981 | 10,981 | 10,981 | 10,981 | 10,981 | 10,981 | 10,981 | 10,981 | 108,829 |
Alimentos y bebidas para empleados | 1,100 | 1,464 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 15,448 |
Impuestos Locales/Empresariales | 1,100 | 1,464 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 1,611 | 15,448 |
Impuestos de propiedad | 12,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 147.000 |
Viajes - Equip. Consultores | 25,000 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 16,500 | 173,500 |
Licencias y permisos | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 100,000 |
Gasto total | 470,627 | 592,964 | 658,777 | 633,220 | 593,194 | 560,613 | 512,725 | 469,647 | 445,193 | 437,765 | 5,374,724 |
Utilidad neta antes de la depreciacin | 112,413 | 182,460 | (339,812) | 1,189,413 | 2,286,369 | 3.441.012 | 3,933,181 | 4,885,434 | 5,801,021 | 6,297,791 | 27,789,282 |
Gasto de depreciacin ( | 185,770 | 504,140 | 652,915 | 573,415 | 409,635 | 325,725 | 299,025 | 240,970 | 124,955 | 33,450 | 3,350,000 |
Gasto Tributario | - | - | - | - | 99,961 | 934,586 | 1,090,247 | 1,393,339 | 1,702,820 | 1,879,302 | 7,100,255 |
Lngresos netos | (73,357) | (321,680) | (992,727) | 615,998 | 1,776,773 | 2,180,701 | 2.543.909 | 3,251,125 | 3,973,246 | 4,385,039 | 17,339,027 |
Previsin de Flujos de Caja | |||||||||||
Utilidad neta antes de la depreciacin | 112,413 | 182,460 | (339,812) | 1,189,413 | 2,286,369 | 3.441.012 | 3,933,181 | 4,885,434 | 5,801,021 | 6,297,791 | 27,789,282 |
Deducir los costos de inicio | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Flujo de caja antes de impuestos sobre la renta | 112,413 | 182,460 | (339,812) | 1,189,413 | 2,286,369 | 3.441.012 | 3,933,181 | 4,885,434 | 5,801,021 | 6,297,791 | 27,789,282 |
Capital de trabajo | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Pagos de Arrendamiento - Principal | 155,146 | 303,919 | 401,132 | 426,689 | 466,715 | 510.496 | 558,384 | 370.759 | 149,371 | 7,389 | 3,350,001 |
Flujo de caja antes de impuestos | (42,733) | (121,460) | (740,944) | 762,725 | 1,819,654 | 2,930,516 | 3,374,796 | 4.514.674 | 5,651,651 | 6,290,402 | 24.439.282 |
Impuestos | - | - | - | - | 99,961 | 934,586 | 1,090,247 | 1,393,339 | 1,702,820 | 1,879,302 | 7,100,255 |
Despus de impuestos - Flujo de caja | (42,733) | (121,460) | (740,944) | 762,725 | 1,719,693 | 1,995,930 | 2,284,549 | 3,121,335 | 3,948,831 | 4,411,100 | 17,339,027 |
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