The three-stage extractor shown in Figure 8.46 is used to extract the amine from a fluid consisting of 40 wt% benzene (B) and 60 wt% trimethylamine (T). The solvent (water) flow to stage 3 is 5,185 kg/h and the feed flow rate is 10,000 kg/h. On a solvent-free basis, V₁ is to contain 76 wt% T, and L₃ is to contain 3 wt% T. Determine the required solvent flow rates S₁ and S₂ using an equilateral-triangle diagram. Solubility data are in Exercise 8.14.

Data From Exercise 8.14

Benzene and trimethylamine (TMA) are to be separated in a three-equilibrium-stage liquid–liquid extraction column using pure water as the solvent. If the solvent-free extract and raffinate products are to contain, respectively, 70 and 3 wt% TMA, find the original feed composition and the water-to-feed ratio with a right-triangle diagram. There is no reflux. Equilibrium data are as follows:

The tie-line data are:

Feed Stage 1 V 4 Stage 2 S $ Figure 8.46 Data for Exercise 8.18. V L Stage 3 Solvent L3