Table 8.22 shows SPSS analyses with the 2014 General Social Survey, for variables party ID and race.

(a) Report the expected frequency for the first cell, and show how SPSS obtained it.

(b) Test the hypothesis of independence. Report the test statistic and P-value, and interpret.

(c) Use the standardized residuals (labeled “Adjusted Residual” here) to describe the pattern of association.

TABLE 8.22 party_ID democr indep repub Total race black Count 249 108 17 374 Expected Count 126.9 159.4 87.7 Adjusted Residual 14.6 -5.9 -9.5

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white Count 496 828 498 1822 Expected Count 618.1 776.6 427.3 Adjusted Residual -14.6 5.9 9.5

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Total Count 745 936 515 2196 Value df Asymptotic Significance Pearson Chi-Square 230.35 2 .000