According to a 2015 study by the Pew Research Center (www.people-press.org), the percentage of Americans who favor allowing gays and lesbians to marry legally was 81% for Democrats who identified themselves as liberal and 22% for Republicans who identified themselves as conservative.

(a) The odds ratio is 15.1.

Explain what is wrong with the interpretation “The probability that liberal Democrats favor legalized gay marriage is 15.1 times the probability that conservative Republicans favor legalized gay marriage.”

Give the correct interpretation.

(b) For those born after 1980, the odds of favoring legalization equaled 2.7.

Estimate the probability they favored legalization.