Raynaud’s syndrome is characterized by the sudden impairment of blood circulation in the fingers, a condition that results in discoloration and heat loss. The magnitude of the problem is evidenced in the following data, where twenty subjects (ten “normals” and ten with Raynaud’s syndrome) immersed their right forefingers in water kept at 19^◦C. The heat output (in cal/cm²/minute) of the forefinger was then measured with a calorimeter (112).

Test that the heat-output variances for normal subjects and those with Raynaud’s syndrome are the same. Use a two-sided alternative and the 0.05 level of significance.

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Normal Subjects Heat Output Patient (cal/cm²/min) W.K M.N. S.A. Z.K J.H. J.G. G.K. A.S. T.E. LF. 2.43 1.83 2.43 2.70 1.88 1.96 1.53 2.08 1.85 2.44 x=2.11 SX = 0.37 Subjects with Raynaud's Syndrome Heat Output Patient (cal/cm²/min) R.A. R.M. F.M. Κ.Α. H.M. S.M. R.M. G.E. B.W. N.E. 0.81 0.70 0.74 0.36 0.75 0.56 0.65 0.87 0.40 0.31 y = 0.62 SY = 0.20