The correct answer in Exercise 8.38

(c) implies that if the chi-squared statistic is used for a contingency table having ordered categories in both directions, then (select the correct response(s))

(a) The statistic actually treats the variables as nominal.

(b) Information about the ordering is ignored.

(c) The test is usually not as powerful for detecting association as a test statistic based on numbers of concordant and discordant pairs.

(d) The statistic cannot differentiate between positive and negative associations.