18. Breathing Patterns Research psychologists want to find out if a person’s breathing patterns are affected by a particular experimental treatment. They collect some baseline measurements on the n530 people in the study before the treatment—the total ventilation in liters of air per minute adjusted for body size. The data are shown here, along with some computer-generated descriptive measures.

a. Describe the data distribution using the computer output.

b. Does the Empirical Rule provide a good description of the proportion of measurements that fall within two or three standard deviations of the mean? Explain.

c. How large or small does a ventilation measurement have to be before it is considered unusual?

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5.23 4.79 5.83 5.37 4.35 5.54 6.04 5.48 6.04 5.48 6.58 4.82 5.92 5.38 6.34 5.12 5.14 4.72 5.17 4.99 4.51 5.70 4.67 5.77 5.84 6.19 5.58 5.72 5.16 5.32 5.72 5.16 5.32 4.96 5.63