Drug use by athletes In 2015, the outgoing president of the International Association of Athletics Federations

(IAAF) claimed “99% of athletes are clean”(www

.irishexaminer.com). However, based on a survey administered online, a sports reporter concluded that only 30% of athletics fans agreed with the above statement.

Based on his findings, he said that the IAAF president’s statement was misleading. Identify the potential bias in the sports reporter’s study that results from

a. Sampling bias due to undercoverage.

b. Sampling bias due to the sampling design.

c. Response bias.