Let A and B represent two variants (alleles) of the DNA at a certain locus on the genome. Let p represent the proportion of alleles in a population that are of type A, and let q represent the proportion of alleles that are of type B. The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium principle states that the proportion P_AB of organisms that are of type AB is equal to pq. In a population survey of a particular species, the proportion of alleles of type A is estimated to be 0.360 ± 0.048 and the proportion of alleles of type B is independently estimated to be 0.250 ± 0.043.

a. Estimate the proportion of organisms that are of type AB, and find the uncertainty in the estimate.

b. Find the relative uncertainty in the estimated proportion.

c. Which would provide a greater reduction in the uncertainty in the proportion: reducing the uncertainty in the type A proportion to 0.02 or reducing the uncertainty in the type B proportion to 0.02?