Geneticists at Duke University Medical Center have identified the E2F1 transcription factor as an important component of cell proliferation control (Nature, Sept. 23, 1993). The researchers induced DNA synthesis in two batches of serum-starved cells. Each cell in one batch was micro-injected with the E2F1 gene, whereas the cells in the second batch (the controls) were not exposed to E2F1. After 30 hours, the number of cells in each batch that exhibited altered growth was determined. The results of the experiment are summarized in the table below:

a. Compare the percentages of cells exhibiting altered growth in the two batches with a 90% confidence interval.
b. Use the interval, part a, to make an inference about the ability of the E2F1 transcription factor to induce cell growth.

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E2F1 Treated Cells Control Total Number of Cells 158 92 Number of Growth-Altered Cells 15 41