1. The formula for the normal curve (when the mean is 0 and the standard deviation is 1) is f(x) =

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e -x2>2 where f1x2 is the height of the curve at point x and  and e are the usual mathematical constants (approximately 3.14 and 2.72, respectively). However, psychology researchers almost never use this formula because it is built into the statistics software that do calculations involving normal curves. When work must be done by hand, any needed information about the normal curve is provided in tables in statistics books (for example, Table A-1 in the Appendix).