19. A study of the effects of color on easing anxiety compared anxiety test scores of participants who completed the test printed on either soft yellow paper or on harsh green paper. The scores for five participants who completed the test printed on the yellow paper were 17, 19, 28, 21, and 18. The scores for four participants who completed the test on the green paper were 20, 26, 17, and 24. Using the

.05 level, one-tailed (predicting lower anxiety scores for the yellow paper), what should the researcher conclude?

(a) Use the steps of hypothesis testing,

(b) sketch the distributions involved, and

(c) explain your answers to someone who is familiar with the t test for a single sample but not with the t test for independent means.