4.

(a) What is nominal coding?

(b) How is it done?

(c) Why is it done?

(d) Why can’t you just use a single numeric variable with more than two values?

(e) In a particular study, participants 1 and 2 are in Group A, participants 3 and 4 are in Group B, and participants 5 and 6 in Group C. Make a table showing nominal coding for these six participants.