There are currently 121,678 people waiting for lifesaving organ transplants in the United States. Of these, 100,791 await kidney transplants. (as of January 2016). The median wait time for an individual’s first kidney transplant is 3.6 years and can vary depending on health, compatibility, and availability of organs. In 2014, 17,107 kidney transplants took place in the United States. Of these, 11,570 came from deceased donors and 5,537 came from living donors (Source: National Kidney Foundation). This raises the question, Are kidneys from living donors better than kidneys from deceased donors? A study conducted by the Barnes Jewish Hospital in St Louis may provide an answer. A random sample of kidney recipients was drawn and the number of years until the transplanted kidney needed replacement. Do these data provide enough evidence to infer that kidneys from living donors last longer than do kidneys from deceased donors?