Assume that you are paid to aid with decision-making about settings for a die casting process in manufacturing. Engineers are frustrated by the amount of flash or spill-out they must clean off the finished parts and the deviations of the part dimensions from the nominal blueprint dimensions. They suggest that the preheat temperature and injection time might be changeable. They would like to improve the surface finish rating (1-10) but strongly doubt whether any factors would affect this. Which of the following constitute KIVs and KOVs?

a. KIVs include deviation of part dimensions from nominal and KOVs include surface finish rating.

b. KIVs include preheat temperature and KOVs include deviation of part dimensions from nominal.

c. KIVs include surface finish rating and KOVs include deviation of part dimensions from nominal.

d. Answers in parts “a” and “b” are both correct.

e. Answers in parts “a” and “c” are both correct.