According to a Harris poll, 14% of adult Americans have one or more tattoos, 50% have pierced ears, and 65% of those with one or more tattoos also have pierced ears. What is the probability that a randomly selected adult American has one or more tattoos and pierced ears?

Approach Follow the flowchart in Figure 16.

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Figure 16 Are you finding the probability of a single event? Yes No Are the outcomes equally likely? N(E) Use P(E) N(S) Yes Use P(E) Frequency of E Number of trials Yes No Is it possible to get empirical data? No Use subjective probability Yes Use P(E or F) = P(E) + P(F) Are the events 'OR' Do the events disjoint (mutually exclusive)? No Use P(E or F) = P(E) + P(F) P(E and F) involve 'OR', 'AND', or At Least'? 'AND' Yes Use P(E and F) = P(E) P(F) Are the events independent? 'At Least' No Use P(E and F) = P(E) P(F|E) Use P(at least 1) 1-P(none)