3. Assume that general price rises and the consumption of bottled water is positively related. Which is the most sensible conclusion?

a) Price rises lead to people drinking more bottled water

b) Consuming a lot of bottled water leads prices to rise

c) People drink more bottled water to help them cope with price rises

d) There is a spurious relationship between consumption of bottled water and general price rises Look at the following table, from a results section in an article by Patel (2009).

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Explanatory Systolic blood pressure (SBP) Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) variable Boys (n-250) Girls Total Boys Girls Total (n=250) (N-500) (n-250) (n-250) (N=500) Weight 0.32* 0.41* 0.34* 0.27* 0.33* 0.30* Height 0.35* 0.33 0.32* 0.19 0.24* 0.22 Age 0.32* 0.06* 0.24* 0.03 0.05 0.03 Significant at the 1% level **Significant at the 5% level