A phenomenon known as “summer melt” occurs when students who were admitted and scheduled to start college directly after high school do not show up for their first semester of college. Figure 12.10 shows the number of people, in a sample of 280 recent high school graduates, who did not show up to college as scheduled, by level of family income.

A dean of admission at a college is trying to minimize the percentage of the incoming first-year class that “melts” over the summer. He looks at Figure 12.10 and concludes that there is a relationship between family income and summer melt. The assistant dean of admission looks at the data and thinks that her boss is wrong. Demonstrate whether the dean or assistant dean is correct by using what you know about expected frequencies.