In 2017, the Pew Research Center found that 3,331 people in a sample of 4,971 U.S. adults got news from social media. Imagine that a researcher wanted to use these data to test whether there was a relationship between age and getting news from social media. She divided the sample into people younger than fifty (N = 2,983) and people fifty or older (N = 1,988).

a. The researcher conducts a chi-square test of independence. Identify the independent and dependent variables.

b. What is the null hypothesis for this test?

c. Find the decision chi-square at a 0.05 alpha-level.

d. Enter the expected frequencies for of each cell shown in Table 12.18.

e. Table 12.19 shows the cross-tabulation of age and getting news from social media from the actual Pew Research data. Follow each of the three steps to calculate the sample chi-square statistic. Show your work for each step.

f. Should the null hypothesis be rejected? Explain how you know.