How would you justify that this research was ‘valid’? A study conducted by Prieto and Easterby-Smith (2006) explored the links between dynamic capabilities and knowledge management through a case study of the evolution of a single company over several years. Because the researchers were interested in dynamic capabilities – which are by definition about continuous change – it made sense to observe processes over time so they could examine how, for example, the introduction of knowledge-sharing routines led to greater strategic flexibility. Accordingly, the researchers spent time observing management meetings, talking with participants at meetings, and interviewing other managers. They also followed information exchanges with partner organizations by conducting visits to their sites, repeating interviews with key informants, and feeding back emerging insights to senior managers to ‘validate’ their interpretations and to stimulate further insights.