10.2. Refer to Exercise 8.5 with Table 8.11 and Example 10.5.2 on opinions about government spending.

(a) Formulate a cumulative logit random intercept model. Show that the ML estimates are as Section 10.5.2 shows. Interpret.

(b) Fit the corresponding marginal cumulative logit model, using ML or GEE. Report estimates, explaining why they tend to be smaller than the estimates for the random effects model.

(c) For an adjacent-categories logit random intercept model, when â^ — 0, the ML estimates are /3, = -1.92 (SE = 0.11), â\ = -0.37 (SE =

0.10), and â3 = -0.06 (SE = 0.11), with ó„ = 0.61 for the random effects. Interpret, and explain why the estimates tend to be smaller than for the model in part (a).