More generally, define probabilities p that a descendant of the nth generation is of genotype k if a specified ancestor was of genotype i. Prove by induction that the P(r) are given by the elements of the following matrix: (p + pq/2n-1 2pq+q(q-p)/2-1 92 - 9/2n-1 p2pq-p)/2" 2pq + (1-4pq)/2 92+9(p-9)/2" \p - p/2n-1 2pqp(p-q)/2-1 q + pq/2n-1 (This shows that the influence of an ancestor decreases from generation to generation by the fact or .)