The car in Problem 12.16 operates on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Assume the LPG can be approximated as C₃H₈. Assume the air composition is that of “simple air,” i.e, 1 kmol of O₂ for every 3.76 kmol of N₂. The engine operates at stoichiometric conditions, i.e., the mass air-to-fuel ratio is 15.6 k_gair/kg_fuel. The temperature and pressure of the exhaust gases are 950° C and 98 kPa, respectively. Determine the following:

A. The molecular weight of the exhaust gases (kg/kmol)

B. The mole fraction of CO₂ in the exhaust stream

C. The mass fraction of CO₂ in the exhaust stream

D. The mass flow rate of CO₂ in the exhaust stream (kg/s)

E. The volumetric flow rate of CO₂ in the exhaust stream at the exhaust conditions (m³/s)

F. The volumetric flow rate of CO₂ in the exhaust stream at STP (m³/s)

Data from in problem 12.16

An automobile is traveling at 55 mph on a highway. The car’s engine is operating at 2000 revolutions per minute. The engine fills its cylinders with air each time two revolutions are completed, i.e., it operates on a four-stroke cycle. The volume of air ingested during each cycle is 95% of the engine’s displacement of 1.5 liters. The air enters the cylinders at 0.7 atm and 305 K.