The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion (CNPP) uses the Healthy Eating Index to monitor the diet quality of the U.S. population, particularly how well it conforms to dietary guidance. The HEI-2005 measures how well the population follows the recommendations of the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (Guenther et al. 2007). Data collected on a random sample of individuals who participated in two extended interviews and medical examinations are contained in the data file HEI Cost Data Variable Subset, where the first interview is identified by daycode = 1 and data for the second interview are identified by daycode = 2. One variable in the HEI-2005 study is a participant's activity level, coded as 1 = sedentary, 2 = active, and 3 = very active. In Chapter 1, we constructed bar charts of participants' activity level by gender for data collected on the first interview. Determine if there is an association between activity level and gender.

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Sedentary Active Very active 957 340 842 Female 1226 417 678