There are many federal laws that apply to employers, but they don't apply to all employers all of the time. Often, it depends on the number of people in a company. The chart below lists the major employment laws and the employee threshold for each. To the right are links to sections in the HR.BLR.com Library that explain the laws in greater detail.
Don't forget that state laws may be more stringent than their federal counterparts.

Describe how the laws which were described in the HR 101 document posted above affect you?

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If you have at least this many employees. this law For more information What the law does applies to you Forbids the discrimination Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) Age Discrimination on the basis of age 40 and 20 over. Disabilities (ADA), Civil Rights. Recordkeeping Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Forbids discrimination 15 against the disabled. Prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 Civil Rights 15 Requires that employees who lose coverage under group health plans be given a continuation option. Consolidated Omnibus Benefits Reconciliation Act (COBRA) Healthcare Insurance 20 Requires employers make an ongoing effort to maintain a drug-free workplace. Drug-Free Workplace Act Alcohol & Drugs Prohibits intentional interceptions of wire, oral, or electronic communications. Electronic Communications Electronic Monitoring Privacy Act (ECPA)