Where are the deer? Random samples of square-kilometer plots were taken in different ecological locations of Mesa Verde National Park. The deer counts per square kilometer were recorded and are shown in the following table (The Mule Deer of Mesa Verde National Park, edited by G. W. Mierau and J. L. Schmidt, Mesa Verde Museum Association).

Shall we reject or accept the claim that there is no difference in the mean number of deer per square kilometer in these different ecological locations? Use a 5% level of signi­ficance.

In the problem, please provide the following information.

(a) What is the level of signifi­cance? State the null and alternate hypotheses.

(b) Find SS_TOT, SS_BET, and SSW and check that SS_TOT – SSB_ET + SS_W. Find d.f._BET, d.f._W, MS_BET, and MS_W. Find the value of the sample test statistic F (F ratio).

What are the degrees of freedom?

(c) Find (or estimate) the P-value of the sample test statistic.

(d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis?

(e) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application.

(f) Make a summary table for your ANOVA test.

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