Which is better: competition or cooperation? And does the answer depend on whether the participants share the same values? A study by Cosier and Dalton sheds light on these issues.12 One of their ANOVA tables provides the basis for Table 15.5.5.
a.* The average performance was higher for the cooperation group than for the competition group. Was it significantly higher? How do you know?
b. The average performance was higher when value dissensus was low. Does value dissensus have a significant impact on performance? How do you know?
c. Is the interaction significant? What does this tell you?

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TABLE 15.5.5 Effects of Competition-Cooperation and Value Dissensus on Performance Degrees of Freedom Source of Variation Competition-cooperation (A) Value dissensus (B) Sum of Squares F Value 4.00 0.07 0.53 p-Value 0.049682 0.792174 0.469221 Mean Square 3,185.77 58.04 424.95 51,729.98 55,370.49 3,185.77 54.04 424.95 795.85 Error 65 Total 68