WRL Company operates a snack food center at the Hartsfield Airport. On January 1, 2003, WRL purchased a special cookie-cutting machine, which has been used for three years. It is January 1, 2006, and WRL is considering whether it should purchase a new, more-efficient cookie-cutting machine. WRL has two options:

(1) Continue using the old machine or

(2) Sell the old machine and purchase a new machine. The seller of the new machine isn't offering a trade-in. The following information has been obtained:

WRL is subject to a 40% income tax rate. Assume that any gain or loss on the sale of machines is treated as an ordinary tax item and will affect the taxes paid by WRL in the year in which it occurs. WRL's after-tax required rate of return is 16%. Assume all cash flows occur at year-end except for initial investment amounts.
If you want to use Excel to solve this problem, go to the Excel Lab at www.prenhall.com/ horngren/cost12e and download the template for Problem 21-32.
Required
1. You have been asked whether WRL should buy the new machine. To help in your analysis, calculate Required the following:
a. One-time after-tax cash effect of disposing of the old machine
b. Annual recurring after-tax cash operating savings from using the new machine (variable and fixed)
c. Cash tax savings due to differences in annual depreciation of the old machine and the new machine
d. Difference in after-tax cash flow from terminal disposal of new machine and old machine.
2. Use your calculations in requirement 1 and the net present value method to determine whether WRL should use the old machine or acquire the new machine.
3. How much more or less would the recurring after-tax cash operating savings of the new machine need to be for WRL to earn exactly the 16% after-tax required rate of return? Assume that all other data about the investment do not change.

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Old Machine New Machine 80,000 $120,000 2 Initial purchase cost of machines 3 Useful life from acquisition date (years) 4 Terminal disposal value at the end of useful life on 4 Dec. 31, 2009, assumed for depreciation purposes $10,000 5 Expected annual cash operating costs 6 Variable cost per cookie 7Total ficed costs 8 Depreciation method for tax purposes 9 Estimated disposal value of machines: 10Janary 1, 2006 11 December 31, 2009 20,000 $ 0.20 15,000 $1 0.14 StightneStraight line 40,000 $120,000 7,00020,000 300,000 12 Esxpected number of cookies made and sold each year 300,000