You plan to add a certain amount of heat to a gas in order to raise its temperature.

(a) If you add the heat at constant volume, is the increase in temperature greater than, less than, or equal to the increase in temperature if you add the heat at constant pressure?

(b) Choose the best explanation from among the following:

I. The same amount of heat increases the temperature by the same amount, regardless of whether the volume or the pressure is held constant.

II. All the heat goes into raising the temperature when added at constant volume; none goes into mechanical work.

III. Holding the pressure constant will cause a greater increase in temperature than simply having a fixed volume.