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international financial management
Questions and Answers of
International Financial Management
Two companies operate factories having virtually the same capacity and efficiency. They each have an equal share of the market for product X. New manufacturing technology would permit increased
AEROFOAM TECHNOLOGY ’s board believes that acquiring the production facilities of LIGHT PLASTICS, instead of building and equipping their own, would save the company €50 million in capital costs
SAILMAKER operates at full capacity but needs to meet increased demand for windsurfer sails. One of its main competitors has spare operating capacity and has approached SAILMAKER for a merger. The
LEISURE has identified a new product and is considering whether to buy new facilities from another company for €2 million or to build the facilities to manufacture it. Building would cost the
LOSSMAKER has accumulated tax losses over the last five years amounting to €4.8 million. As the company anticipates profits in the future, it expects to absorb the accumulated losses over the next
QUANTUM is about to announce a takeover bid for ELECTRODYNAMICS at a price of C¼100 per share. The current share price is €90. Over the past six months the share price rose from €50 to its
SLY purchased 10% of a potential acquisition three months prior to the launch of a bid.These shares were purchased at a price of €90 when the market index was 1,000. At the time of the bid three
GASTRONOMICS has made a takeover bid for DELECTIBLE, a small company engaged in food manufacturing. The offer price is €100 in cash for every share in DELECTIBLE.Prior to the bid announcement the
Two companies, KAPPA and PI consider merging in order to undertake a new project.Both companies are totally equity financed, and the new project will also be equity financed. What will be the market
In what form do shareholders of a publicly quoted company receive their returns? How is this different from returns to the owners of a privately held company?
How does the Net Present Value Rule improve shareholders’ returns?
Why is diversification in the shareholders’ interest? Should the company diversify? If so, under what circumstances should it do so?
Describe how you would measure the beta coefficient of a company traded on the Stock Exchange. How would you convert this into a required rate of return on an investment in the company’s shares?
How might an increasing level of debt affect the beta coefficient of a company?
If an investor held a diversified portfolio of shares valued at €100,000, with a beta coefficient equal to 1.00, how could she most effectively change the beta value of the portfolio to:(a) 0.5?(b)
What is the expected rate of return and risk for the two-security portfolio composed equally of Securities A and B? The correlation coefficient rA;B between the returns on the two securities equals
What would be the expected return and standard deviation of returns on the portfolio if we invest equally in a third security in addition to the two in Question 3? The relevant data are below.Data
What is the required rate of return on the shares in Company X? The relevant data are:What use is this rate of return for appraising a capital investment within the company? Beta = 1.50 Return on the
Three securities have beta coefficients of 1.00, 0.50, and 0.80, respectively. An investor puts his money into each of the securities in equal amounts. What is the value of the beta coefficient for
Estimate the beta coefficient of an interesting company quoted on the Stock Exchange. Use monthly data for a period of at least two years.
QUERON PLC expects to borrow at an average rate of 12% during the next five years.Interest payments will be tax-deductible and tax payments are quarterly with an average time lag of nine weeks.
QUERON has just paid a dividend, and its share price is now exactly €1. The company pays dividends of 2.5 cents every six months. Management expects to increase the dividend at a compound rate of
QUERON’s corporate treasurer would like to compare the company’s cost of equity capital as implied by the CAPM with other methods of estimating this cost. The Treasury bill rate is 6%, and she
Suppose, on another occasion, the company’s treasurer ascertained that the expected cost of debt after tax was equal to 6%. Suppose also that the expected cost of equity was equal to 20%. The
What is the implied weighted average risk premium for the company in Question 4?Data From Question 4:-Suppose, on another occasion, the company’s treasurer ascertained that the expected cost of
Queron simplifies its investment appraisal procedure by classifying each project according to its estimated systematic risk. The company uses four risk classes A, B, C, and D.Calculate the cost of
One of the companies in the QUERON group is CUBEON Ltd. No stock exchange quotes CUBEON’s shares, and thus direct estimation of its equity beta factor from share price data is impossible.
A corporate bond with exactly five years left to maturity pays interest at 8% on its €100 face value. The bond pays two coupons per year. The currently quoted redemption yield on an identically
A corporate bond with exactly 59 months left to maturity pays interest at 8% on its €100 face value. The bond pays two coupons per year. The currently quoted redemption yield on an identically
Suppose that the current market price of the bond in Problem 1 is €95. Calculate the resulting redemption yield.Data From Problem 1:-A corporate bond with exactly five years left to maturity pays
An investor expects a company to enjoy 8% compound annual growth for ever, and she thinks that the appropriate rate for discounting the company’s dividends would be 14%.She knows that the
A stockbroker expects XSTREME plc to pay the following annual euro dividend per share during the next five years.The broker wants to estimate the value per share for comparison with the current
Company A would like to buy Company B and needs to know how much it should be willing to pay. Company A has potential uses for Company B’s assets that would make the assets worth €20 million to
A partnership operates with assets worth €15 million, but owes €10 million to its bank.The annual interest on the loan is 10%. The €10 million is repayable in one balloon payment at the end of
A company issues warrants as sweeteners for its bond issue. With each one of the 1,000 new bonds, the buyer receives a warrant permitting the purchase of 100 shares at €150 each. The company’s
9 Instead of issuing warrants with its bond issue, a company issues convertible bonds. Similar bonds without the conversion privilege sell for €75 each. An option pricing formulaindicates that the
Suppose that the serial correlation coefficient for weekly returns on a stock is equal to+ 0.2 and statistically significant. What would this imply for your trading strategy for this stock? Would
Is it possible for the serial correlation coefficient for a stock’s prices to equal, say, 0.80 while the value of the serial correlation coefficient for the stock’s price changes to be negative,
Two stocks appear to be identical in all important respects at time 0 when they have the same price. After a year, Stock A’s price has gone down 25% and Stock B’s has risen 25%.Is there an
(a) For a coin flipped 500 times, the score so far is + 50 heads (i.e., there are 275– 225 =50 more heads than tails). If you were to continue flipping this coin 500 more times, what would be the
A stock has an expected return of 1% per month. The annualized standard deviation of its price changes is 20%. If the stock is held for 10 years:(a) How would its expected arithmetic average annual
The expected after-tax cost of an advertizing campaign is €1 million per month for the coming year. The advertizing will enable the company to maintain sales and the resulting cash flow at the
Spacemonitor plc is building a factory on a site that it already owns. The total investment in the factory (excluding the site) will be €10 million. Management expects the factory to generate new
years earlier for the equivalent of only €1 million. Selling the site today would realize about €2 million, and the expectation is that selling it would realize €2 million at the end of the
Spacemonitor plc is considering investing in a machine costing €2 million for its new factory. One million euros per year of the factory’s after-tax incremental cash flow would be attributable to
What is the value of the payback period for Spacemonitor’s new machine in Problem 3?Data From Problem 3:-Spacemonitor plc is considering investing in a machine costing €2 million for its new
The table below provides the expected after-tax net incremental cash flow for one of the machines to be installed in Spacemonitor’s new factory:The company’s financial analyst was unhappy with
Spacemonitor’s analyst is helping the company’s chief industrial engineer to choose between two machines for the new factory. The machines are capable of much the same functions, but they have
Toward the end of the first year, Spacemonitor’s factory construction costs were higher than expected. The company had already used external financing and the company’s Treasurer felt he could
Given below are expected annual data (€1,000s) for a project. The company pays taxes at 30%.(a) What is the annual after-tax cost of labor for the project?(b) What is the project’s expected
The company’s treasury staff estimated that the beta factor for the average asset in the company was equal to 0.7. The expected risk-free rate for the following five years was 5%. The expected risk
E-COMMERCE INTERNATIONAL has an opportunity to dispose of its existing warehouse near Paris at the very favorable price of €10 million. Taxes on the transaction would be€2 million. After five
Given below are the after-tax incremental cash flows for Projects A and B. Note the similarity between the two projects.(a) For each project plot NPV versus discount rate at the points where the
The expected rate of inflation is 3%, and the required nominal rate of return for a project is 12%. If the expected rate of inflation increases to 5%, what should be the corresponding new nominal
The real (without inflation) required rate of return for a project is 10%. The corporate tax rate is 30%. Allowable depreciation in the third year of the project is C¼10,000. The tax effect of
The working capital investment in a project initially is €2.5 million. Of this, inventory represents €1.5 million. Cash, debtors, and creditors represent the remaining €1million.(a) If the
In Problem 5, FIFO is the basis of the cost of goods sold in taxable income. The corporate tax rate is 30%.(a) If the rate of inflation is 10%, what is the tax effect in each of the next three years
A financial contract incorporates a continuously compounded annual rate of interest of 8%.The contract requires a first payment of€1 million in 30 days. The contract requires further payments of
A machine exploits a proprietary technology making costs per unit €10 less than for the next most efficient competitor. The machine produces 100,000 units per year. The expected life of this
The NPV for a project is €75,000. The ‘‘wait-and-see option’’ for the project is worth €100,000.(a) Should the project proceed immediately?(b) What is the minimum required NPV to justify
APVAL PLC is negotiating a bank loan to help fund the following project:The company usually aims to borrow half the funds required for projects. The company’s treasurer expects to pay 8% on all new
The bank proposes to lend the company €600,000 toward the €1.2 million required to invest in the project in Problem 1. The rate of interest would be 8%. The loan is repayable in three equal
Because of a possible merger with a company having accumulated losses, APVAL could find itself in a non-tax paying position for the next two years, however. The implication is that the company would
In anticipation of the possible merger, APVAL PLC’s finance director wants to strengthen the company’s cash position. To facilitate this, he is rationing the funds available for investment in
The finance director is also considering the following four projects but wants to limit the initial capital budget available for investment in them to €1.4 million over the next two years.He is
Calculate the PY for each of the projects in Problem 5. Assume that the discount rate equals 10% for all the projects.Data From Problem 5:-The finance director is also considering the following four
What kinds of competitive condition in the marketplace for the firm’s products are most likely to increase the wealth of shareholders?
Why is maximizing the value of the firm not necessarily the same as maximizing the value of the shareholders’ investment?
Should managers try to maximize market value of equity or to maximize the accounting value of equity in the balance sheet? Why?
Describe the different methods of financing the firm and characteristics of the main sources of finance.
Why might conflicts arise between shareholders and lenders?
What is your understanding of the relationship between risk and the cost of funds available for investment by managers?
If management thinks that it can increase shareholder wealth to the detriment of debt holders, employees, or suppliers, is it duty bound to do so?
To what extent can senior managers justify becoming very wealthy by granting themselves high salaries, bonuses, and stock options?
A company bought a machine two years ago for €100,000. The machine’s accounting depreciation is €20,000 per year. The machine’s second-hand market value currently is only €55,000. The
The following table lists different cash flows that management believes a project might earn in the fifth year of its life. Listed also in the table is management’s estimate of the probability
The Securities Market Line gives the opportunity cost of investing in capital projects.Management considers investing in a capital project with an estimated beta value of only 0.50. The expected
The table below gives the expected after-tax cash flows for a capital project. If the Securities Market Line indicates the opportunity cost of capital for this project is only 10%, what is the
An investment of €1,000 is to return an expected €1,150 in 1.5 years’ time. The opportunity cost of capital is 15%.(a) What is the NPV of this investment?(b) What annual rate of return does the
An investment of €1,000 will return €1,025 in 0.25 years’ time. The required rate of return on the investment is 10% per year.(a) What is the NPV of this investment?(b) What annualized rate of
A loan requires quarterly interest payments of 1.25 cents for each euro borrowed. That is, the interest rate on the loan is ‘‘5% per year compounded quarterly.’’(a) What is the effective
Calculate the IRR on the project in Problem 4.Data From Problem 4:-The table below gives the expected after-tax cash flows for a capital project. If the Securities Market Line indicates the
Your bank offers you a five-year loan of €10,000 at 8% interest. The loan contract requires five equal annual payments. Each of these annual instalments includes interest and repayment of principal
An investment requires €90,000 and its expected cash flow is €10,000 per year in perpetuity. The opportunity cost of capital for the investment is 10%.(a) What is the PV of the investment, and
The XTRON product requires a €1 million investment in one year’s time if management should decide to launch the product. The project sponsor thinks that the NPV will be €200,000, but the
Visit the corporate websites of Nestlé, one of the most multinational companies in the world, and study the scope of geographical diversification of its sales and revenues. Also, gather and evaluate
Using the data from http://federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist , first plot the monthly exchange rate between the euro and the U.S. dollar since January 2000, and try to explain why the exchange
A currency trader makes a market in a currency and attempts to generate speculative profits from dealing against other currency traders. Today electronic dealing systems are frequently used by
Do problem 4 again assuming you believe the September 2013 spot price will be $0.07061 per MXN.Data From Problem 4Using the quotations in Exhibit 7.3 , note that the September 2013 Mexican peso
In addition to the historic currency symbols, such as, $, ¥, £, and €, there is an official three-letter symbol for each currency that is recognized worldwide. These symbols can be found at the
Data on currency futures can be found at the CME Group website, www.cmegroup .com. Go the the “Delayed quotes” section of this website and see which currency futures contracts have increasing and
Bankware, a Boston-based company specializing in banking-related softwares, exported its software for automatic teller machines (ATM) to Oslo Commerce Bank, which is trying to modernize its
Exhibit 11.5 compares the spread between the prime borrowing rate and dollar LIBOR. Go to the Bloomberg website www.bloomberg.comews/bonds to see the current spread and the spread for three months
It is Tuesday afternoon, February 14, 2012. Richard May, Assistant Treasurer at American Digital Graphics (ADG), sits in his office on the thirty-fourth floor of the building that dominates
The Fisher effect (Chapter 6) suggests that nominal interest rates differ between countries because of differences in the respective rates of inflation. According to the Fisher effect and your
The Association for Financial Markets in Europe is a trade association representing the world bond market. A newsletter can be found at the website. Go to the website www.afme.eu to see what current
If Honda ADRs were trading at $44 when the underlying shares were trading in Tokyo at ¥3,945, what could you do to earn a trading profit? Use the information in problem 1 to help you, and assume
The J.P. Morgan website www.adr.com provides online data on trading in ADRs. From this website, what are the top 10 individual ADRs by ownership value?By ownership increases? Does there seem to be a
EuroNetting, an online netting company, offers a multilateral service that enables companies to run their netting efficiently over the Internet. See their website at www.euronetting.com to view their
Students interested in a professional designation in international cash management should explore the online program leading to a Certificate in International Cash Management (CertICM) at the
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