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principles of managerial statistics
Questions and Answers of
Principles Of Managerial Statistics
Define A = {1, 4, 6, 7}, B = {3, 6, 9}, C = {5, 8, 9}.a) What are the outcomes in the event A or B?b) What are the outcomes in the event A and B?c) What are the outcomes in the event A or B or C?
The table below shows the type of incidents that lead to a call to the Fire Department in Detroit in 2015.a) What is the probability the incident is a false alarm?b) What is the probability the
The following contingency table describes type of Cheese produced and whether it is organic based on 1296 companies from Canada. Find each probability.a) P(O)b) P(Y and R)c) P(O|Y)d) P(V or N)e) P(R
Figure 3.16 suggested that race was related to whether a male driver was searched by police in San Diego in 2016. When exploring this question, it is important to consider the cause of the traffic
Female drivers are searched less often than men during police stops. But is there evidence that race predicts whether a female driver was searched by police in San Diego in 2016? The Table summarizes
Find the numerical value of 3!.
Find the numerical value of 4!.
Solve the following combinatoric expressions:a) 10 choose 2.b) 5 choose 0.c) 7 choose 7.d) 5 choose 2.
Orlando building permits from 2010 to 2015 can be downloaded (File “Orlando_Building_Permits_Issued”).a) Find the probability that a building permit is of type “ROOF”?b) Construct a bar chart
Use Table 5.5 and P(D1) = 0.1263, P(D2) = 0.1433, P(D3) = 0.1452, P(D4) = 0.1467, P(D5) = 0.1467, P(D6) = 0.1518, and P(D7) = 0.1400 to show that the probability there is a missing person report in
In an effort to increase the number of listeners, radio station WHACK-95.1 FM is doing sweepstakes for $50 000. The caller has to guess a four digit number to win the prize. The administration
If a six-sided die is tossed two times and “3” shows up both times, what is the probability of “3” on the third trial? Explain.
Given that an experiment has only outcomes associated to three events, A, B,C, while P(A) = 0.5, P(B) = 0.4, P(C) = 0.1, and P(A and B and C) = 0. Can any of these events happen simultaneously?
If P(A) = 0.22, P(B) = 0.47, and P(A and B) = 0.22. Finda) P(B|A)b) P(A|B)c) If you want B to happen, is it preferable for A to happen, not happen, or it does not matter?d) If you want A to happen,
As you will see later on, one way to perform statistical inference is based on conditional probabilities. That is, a person wishing to infer on whether μ > 22 may find the probability of some
We have two independent events such that P(A) = 0.35 and P(B) = 0.25.a) What is the probability of the event: “A occurs and B does not occur”b) What is the probability of the event: “A, B do
At the beginning of 2017, managers and directors at Las Vegas were surveyed on their satisfaction with IT services.Their responses can be found in the file “IT_Satisfaction_Survey.” Use the data
A business is assessing the performance of their advertising campaign for healthy snacks. They conducted a survey of people that had not used the product before the ad campaign and the results are
On a statistics test, the third quartile for scores was 82. What is the interpretation of the third quartile in the context of this situation?
If the intention is to get a measure of monthly United Airlines landings at the San Francisco airport, the data used in Problem 3.11 is too detailed. Specifically, at least one category of the
University administrators record data from their students. For example, using admission records, they determine that 1075 was the mean SAT score of the latest business program freshmen. Is the number
Search online to see if cities near to your school have an open data portal. Download in CSV form data you consider interesting.
Data on daily units and legal sales (in $) of several marijuana products in Washington since July 2014 are available online. A Minitab snapshot of the data is presented below.a) What variable does
Below you will find 2015 data for several community statistical areas within Baltimore, as seen with Excel. The top row is the variable name, and the second row defines each variable. The rest of the
2012 mean total SAT scores per New York City school are available to the public. The original data set provides location, number of test takers, and scores on Critical Reading, Math, and Writing.a)
It is not always straightforward to open data files using statistical software.a) Open “Chicago_Public_Schools_-_School_Profile_Information_ SY1617.csv” using Excel.b) Open
Determine if the following are structured or unstructured data.a) Driver’s reaction time while using a cell phone.b) Brand of tablet.c) Blog content.
Determine if the following are structured or unstructured data.a) Video feedb) Tweets by a celebrityc) Vehicle average speed
Classify each variable as numerical or categorical.a) Number of hours of study a week.b) Favorite class this semester.c) Weight of your cell phone.d) Miles per gallon of a car.e) Car model.
Determine the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal) in the following problems.a) How much a person likes a pair of shoes (from not at all to a lot).b) Gaming app installed on phone (Yes, No) by
In the following, state if the numerical variable is discrete or continuous according to their possible values.a) X = 0, 1, 2, 3b) Y = 10, 15, 42c) 5 < Y < 73d) Z ≥ 152
In the following, state if the numerical variable is discrete or continuous.a) Number of times there was a power outage somewhere in the United States last year.b) Volume of chocolate by 25 kids
As in Problem 2.11, state if the numerical variable is discrete or continuous.a) Distance traveled by an automobile until it makes a full stop.b) Number of faulty products that come from an assembly
Placing at amarathon, do you think it counts as a categorical or numerical value?
A player’s sport team number, is that considered a numerical or categorical variable?
There are also two levels of measurement for numerical variables. Interval scale applies to numerical variables with a zero value defined arbitrarily. Temperatures in Celsius are an example; the zero
Give an example of a parameter and a statistic for the following.a) Political electionsb) Subaru 2017 Forester vehiclesc) College studentsd) Adults in the United States
Insurance company X would like to determine the proportion of all medical doctors who have been involved in at least one malpractice lawsuit during their career. The company selects 100 doctors at
The 2016 General Social Survey included the following question: do you happen to have in your home (IF HOUSE: or garage) any guns or revolvers? Identify below the population, parameter, sample, and
You are in charge of a local company who wants to obtain mean income of the company’s engineers to compare with the mean income of engineers in the industry. You can either obtain the population
In the following scenarios, state whether primary or secondary data will be used.a) For her research project, a student created a survey to collect data from 200 participants.b) A company that
Considering the study objectives presented below, provide an example of an experimental and an observational study.a) Measure drone battery life.b) Determine if feeding chickens organic corn is
From the provided study descriptions, state whether the study was experimental or observational.a) A researcher is carrying out a study on the reliability of four different solar systems. She has
Suppose you ask all your friends whether they believe in the afterlife. Can you use this data to make conclusions on the percentage of all people who believe in the afterlife? Explain in one sentence.
In the following scenarios, state whether primary or secondary data is being used.a) In an effort to understand their education system and how it can be improved, city managers download data from the
Eight years ago, company X acquired new machines to can food. The machines were designed to produce a box of 24 cans in two minutes. In an effort to assess productivity, managers at company X will
Determine if the following is a statistical question.a) How many bathrooms does your house have?b) Did Jeff earn more in 2018 than in 2017?
Determine if the following is a statistical question.a) Does uncertainty on which candidate to vote for depend on political party affiliation?b) Is car tire diameter associated with miles per gallon?
In the following, state whether the data adequately addresses the (implied) statistical question.a) To identify whether yearly cancer rates are increasing, 2018 cancer data will be used.b) In an
In the following, state whether the data adequately addresses the (implied) statistical question.a) Have new bad weather protocols effectively reduced flight delay times at the John F. Kennedy (JFK)
With the topics below,(i) Develop statistical questions,(ii) Explain how to answer the questions with statistics, and(iii) Try to find online data to conduct a statistical analysis (to answer your
Answer the following questions using the relative frequency distribution below:a) What is the relative frequency of Category B?b) If the data set consisted of 400 observations, how many times did
With the topics below,(i) Develop statistical questions, (ii) Explain how to answer the questions with statistics, and(iii) Try to find online data to conduct a statistical analysis (to answer
The Canadian Dairy Information Centre compiles from several companies’ information on the cheeses made from cow, goat, sheep, and buffalo milk.The chart below summarizes the cheese type.a) Which
In Problem 3.2, some Cheeses are organic. The chart below summarizes the cheese type based on whether they are Organic (Yes, No):a) Does it seem that whether Cheese is organic or not has an impact on
The gender of employees according to Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department demographic data is summarized below:a) Which gender is more common in Charlotte-Mecklenburg PoliceDepartment?b) What is
The following table summarizes the medical and mental healthcare services provided to people who may still be sick from 9/11 attacks from 2008 to 2011. Construct a bar plot of the counts.
Administrators for the City of Austin, Texas, randomly send surveys to residents with the aim to gauge their opinion about services. The Pareto chart below summarizes the answers to the evaluation of
The file “2015_APD_Traffic_Fatalities_Austin” has data on fatal traffic accidents at Austin, Texas, during4 2015.a) Construct a bar chart for the number of fatal accidents by type of accident.b)
The following figure presents a histogram of the number of monthly catch basins cleaned by Los Angeles Sanitation, during the Fiscal Year 2014 until mid Fiscal Year 2017.a) What is roughly the
Answers to the 2016 community survey from respondents in Chattanooga are available (filename 2016_Community_Survey_Results_Chattanooga). Use a Pareto chart to summarize the respondents’ answers to
Administrators of the San Francisco airport conduct a survey every year to analyze guest satisfaction.a) Download the 2011 data “2011_SFO_Customer_Survey.”b) Visualize the responses of guests for
Download the file “Air_Traffic_Landings_Statistics” with data on Air traffic landings for San Francisco:a) Check the minimum and maximum “Landing Count.”b) Draw a histogram of Landing
Download data on London animal rescue incidents, “Animal Rescue London”:a) Draw a histogram of Incident nominal cost for 2017. Interpret the results.b) Are incidents more common with dogs or
The chart below presents quarterly criminal domestic violence data from Edmonton, Canada. Q1 stands for the first quarter of every year.a) Approximately how many cases of criminal domestic violence
Use the data set “EPS_Domestic_Violence” to reproduce the chart from Problem 3.14.Data from Problem 3.14The chart below presents quarterly criminal domestic violence data from Edmonton, Canada.
New York City chronic lower respiratory disease mortality rates for White Non-Hispanic men and women are available below:a) Build a line chart for the mortality rates of men. Does there appear to be
Dashboards: visual displays of multiple data set variables have become very popular because they provide decision makers a quick presentation of the overall status of a situation. The figure below is
Returning to 2014 alcohol-related deaths in England, when considering death classification and gender (table below), determine if each statement is appropriate.a) According to the data, 369 people in
Yearly water use per capita in New York City is available (“NYC_Water_ Consumption”). Draw a line chart for water use per capita. Interpret chart.
In the 2016 San Diego vehicle stops case study, the indication was that vehicle stops were more frequent for White drivers followed by Hispanics (see Figure 3.17). Explain why this makes sense.
Figure 3.10 shows age histograms by driver’s race for moving violation stops in San Diego involving a search. The figure below displays the age histograms by driver’s race for moving violation
Using the dashboard above, state whether each statement is true or false.a) Yearly retail gross sales are usually lower than medical gross sales.b) August is usually among the months with the highest
The dot plots below show the use of energy over several ZIP Codes in the area surrounding Nashville, Tennessee, in February 2017. Interpret. I. *************** ***** we www + 1. Commercial Outdoor
According to 2016–2017 Chicago school data, the following scatterplot shows school college enrollment rate versus average American College Testing (ACT) test scores.a) What happens to college
The following scatterplot displays the number of people exposed to 65 dB or more of railway road noise at night versus number of people exposed to 65 dB or more of industrial road noise at night for
Using the data file “2014_Housing_Market_Analysis_Data_by_Zip_Code,” reproduce the scatterplots of Austin, Texas, housing market data presented in Figure 3.12. Median home value ($
Using the data “2014_Housing_Market_Analysis_Data_by_Zip_Code,” produce a scatterplot of unemployment and median rent at Austin, Texas. Interpret.
Which countries provide their citizens with the best higher education? The figure below presents one summary the World Economic Forum used to address this question. On the left, it shows the number
Scatterplots are useful tools to visualize the association between two numerical variables. When the data is highly discretized – there are large gaps among variable values – the scatterplot can
The bar chart below summarizes the 2014 percentage of total electricity output that comes from renewable sources for several countries. According to the chart,a) for Brazil, what was the approximate
Use the complaint data below to reproduce Figure 3.2, a Pareto Chart.Figure 3.2 Category Shipping Defective product Customer service Packaging Price Total Frequency 299 21 198 342 40 900
You want to make a graph to display the proportion of faculty members in each of the academic ranks at your institution. The best choice of graph isa) Scatterplot.b) Bar chart.c) Histogram.d) Pie
Many places establish rebate programs to promote energy savings. For example, Delaware has a rebate program for the purchase or lease of alternative fuel vehicles. Data is available to the public
A survey of members of the LGBT community in the European Union included questions about whether the person experienced violence or harassment in the last five years, which happened at least partly
Using the data set from Problem 3.33, construct aa) Frequency table of the vehicle type. Interpret.b) Contingency table of gender and vehicle type.Data from in Problem 3.33Many places establish
In an article published in 2017 in The Economist in collaboration with Igarapé Institute, homicide data from many cities around the world were analyzed. The figure below summarizes homicides for the
From Table 3.4,a) Construct an appropriate visual summary for the total poverty ratio data presented in the table.b) Construct an appropriate visual summary for the poverty ratio data by age. Table
Using Buffalo New York curb recycling data from January 2011 until June 2018, the line chart below was constructed. Discuss the global trend behavior. Date Sep 10 Oct 10 on 10 Noov 10 Dec 10 Jan
The file “Buffalo_Monthly_Recycling” has the data used to construct the line chart below, and more. Download the file and construct a line chart for type “Curb Garbage.” Interpret. Date Sep
Technology has made data visualization accessible to everyone. Indeed, this is a good thing. Yet it is up to the user to properly use visualization tools. Below is a pie chart built a few years back,
Every year, administrators of the San Francisco airport conduct a survey to analyze guest satisfaction. Download the 2011 data “2011_SFO_Customer_Survey.”a) Visualize the responses of guests for
In practice, bar charts are used occasionally to summarize a numerical variable over time, which can be handy. The bar chart below shows the inflation rate based on the Consumer Price Index in India.
When constructing histograms, the statistical software being used will commonly determine how the graph looks. In Example 3.2, histograms were developed to summarize diversion rates in New York City
The figure below presents the association between cheese fat percentage and moisture percentage using data from Canada. Points are color coded by whether the cheese is organic. Interpret. Fat
Continuing from Problem 3.44, using Minitab and the file “Recycling_Diversion_and_Capture_Rates”:a) Construct a histogram for diversion rates, fiscal year 2018, in New York City.b) Modify the
Answers to the 2016 community survey from respondents in Chattanooga are available (filename “2016_Community_Survey_Results_ Chattanooga”). Use an appropriate chart to summarize the
Using the data from Problem 3.46:a) Cross tabulate the answers to questions “Q1a” and “Q1c.”b) Build a bar chart of “Q1c” stacked by “Q1a.”c) Based on the stacked bar chart, do you
The figure below summarizes domestic violence data from Bloomington, Indiana, from October 2011 to April 16, 2017. It focuses on cases where the authorities determined there was no alcohol, mental
Data on leading cause of death between 2007 and 2014 for New York City are available online. Build a tabular summary by “Year” and “Race Ethnicity” variables of the deaths for which the
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