This graph shows the variation of velocity with time of two cars, A and B, Which are travelling in the same direction over a period of time of 40 s. Car A, travelling at a constant velocity of 40 m s...

A trolley travels along a straight track. The variation with time t of the velocity v of the trolley is shown. Which graph shows the variation with time of the acceleration a of the trolley? t Figure...

Briefly distinguish between the following measures of variation: range, five-number summary, and standard deviation. Which one(s) can be represented with a boxplot?

What do we mean when we say that distribution is skewed? Briefly describe the basic difference between a distribution that is skewed to the right and a distribution that is skewed to the left.

For a recent year, baseball salaries had a median of $1,650,000 and a first quartile (Q1) of $1,675,000. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes sense (or is clearly...

I examined the data carefully, and the standard deviation was greater than the range Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes sense (or is clearly true) or does not...

When taking a test for pregnancy, a true negative result is the same as a true positive result. It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes sense (or is clearly true) or does...

Theres much more variation in the ages of the general population than in the ages of students in my college extension course. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes...

Listed below are the earnings (in millions of dollars) of the celebrities with the five highest incomes in a recent year. The celebrities in order are Steven Spielberg, Howard Stern, George Lucas,...

A microwave oven (Figure 13.9) uses microwaves with a wavelength of 12.5 cm. The front door of the oven is made of glass with a metal grid inside; the gaps in the grid are a few millimetres across....

Listed below are the numbers on the jerseys of the starting lineup for the New Orleans Saints when they won their first Super Bowl football game. Are the mean, median, and mode for these data...

The histogram in Figure 4.12 shows the duration times of eruptions of the Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park. Eruptions of old Faithful 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 120 150 180 210 240 270...

In the circuit in Figure 23.18, the resistance has a resistance of 2000 , the capacitor has a capacitance of 1000 F and the battery has an e.m.f. of 12 V. a. Calculate: i. The potential difference...

What is the 68-95-99.7 rule for normal distributions? Does it apply to other (not normal) distributions as well?

For a normal distribution, approximately what fraction of data values lie more than 1 standard deviation above the mean? When might data values be considered unusual? Explain.

At the end of a statistics course,110 students sit an examination. The marks are grouped into classes, as shown in the following table. It is believed that the mean for the population is 47.5. a....

The owner of a small ski hostel records the demand for rooms during high season. a. Show that the mean demand for rooms per night is 1.72. A test is to be carried out at the 1% significance level to...

For each of the following distributions, write the table of expected values. a. b. c. 2

One end of a light, elastic string, of natural length 1.2m and modulus of elasticity 32N, is attached to a fixed point, B. A particle, P, of mass 1.5 kg, is then attached to the other end of the...

Weisman, Inc. uses activity-based costing as the basis for information to set prices for its six lines of seasonal coats. Compute the activity-based overhead rates using the following budgeted data...

A survey asked people their working status, and coded the responses as follows: 1 = Working; 2 = With a job but not at work; 3 = Looking for work; 4 = Not working; 7 = Refused to answer; 9 = Dont...

Consider the following hypothetical basketball records for Spelman and Morehouse Colleges. a. Give numerical evidence to support the claim that Spelman College has a better team than Morehouse...

Figure 3.37 depicts the amounts of daily oil consumption (in millions of barrels) in the United States and Japan. Does the illustration accurately depict the data? Why or why not? Daily Oil...

The states of Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, and Connecticut have the following areas in square miles (land and water), with the areas listed in the same order as the...

Pulse rates for adult females are normally distributed with a mean of 74.0 beats per minute (bpm) and a standard deviation of 12.5 bpm. Use the 68-95-99.7 rule to find the following values. a....

Consider the display in Figure 3.22 of median salaries of males and females in recent years. a. What general trends does the graph convey? b. Redraw the graph as a multiple line graph (with two...

What is the distribution of data? Describe the important labels we should include when making a graph of a distribution?

Finding that when tossing a coin, it turns up heads, given that it has turned up heads in the previous five tosses Theoretical Probabilities. For Exercises, use the theoretical method to determine...

In New Jerseys Pick 4 lottery, you pay 50 to select a sequence of four digits, such as 2273, from the 10,000 different possible four-digit sequences. If you select the same sequence of four digits...

The 50 songs on a smartphone consist of 15 that are rock, 20 that are jazz, and 15 that are country. Selections are played randomly and can be repeated. What is the probability of each of the...

I havent won in my last 25 pulls on the slot machine, so Im due to win on the next couple of pulls. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes sense (or is clearly true)...

What does it mean when we write P(A)? What is the possible range of values for P(A), and why?

The departure delay times (in minutes past the scheduled time) of Amtrak trains leaving New York City for Boston Normal Distributions. For each of the data sets in Exercises, state whether you would...

The measured voltage amounts from newly manufactured AAA batteries made by Duracell Normal Distributions. For each of the data sets in Exercises, state whether you would expect it to be normally...

Motivated by a students death due to binge drinking, the College of Newport conducts a study of student drinking by randomly selecting 10 different classes and interviewing all of the students in...

What does the square of the correlation coefficient, r2, tell us about a best-fit line?

The correlation I found was so strong that a careful calculation showed it had less than a 1 in 100,000 probability of occurring by chance. Therefore, I can reasonably conclude that one variable is...

In a clinical trial, 11,000 male physicians were treated with aspirin and another 11,000 male physicians were given a placebo. A variable of interest was the proportion of heart attacks among the...

The area to the right of the standard score z = 1.0 is 0.1587, so the P-value in a two-tailed test is 0.1587.

Explain the term partial pressure and explain why Daltons law is a limiting law.

What is the orbital angular momentum of an electron in the orbitals (a) 1s, (b) 3s, (c) 3d? Give the numbers of angular and radial nodes in each case.

Standard addition. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sets guidelines for the level of contaminants in drinking water below which no adverse health effects are likely to occur. The limit for...

Consider a single molecule with an electronic transition at 530 nm that is exposed to a source having an energy density of 10 19 J/m 3 Hz at that wavelength. The transition dipole moment of the...

Textbooks often use cacti and euphorbias (spurges) to illustrate convergent evolution because many euphorbias have globular, succulent bodies that strongly resemble those of cacti, yet the two...

In the northeastern fault block of the Bree Creek Quadrangle there is a hill that is capped by Helms Deep Sandstone overlying Rohan Tuff. In Problem 3.1 you determined the attitudes of these two...

If it takes one second to write down each digit, how long will it take to write down all the numbers from 1 to 1,000?

In Problems 2530, first estimate your answer and then calculate the exact answer. If your car gets 23 miles per gallon, how far can you go on 15 gallons of gas?

MO diagrams for cyclic H N molecules are shown in Figure 6.1. The AO phases are shown for the lowest- and highest-energy MOs but not for the intermediate MOs. (a) Sketch out the intermediate MOs...

What percentage ofsingle-walled carbon nanotubesin a typicalsynthesis batch will be semiconducting? Explain your answer.

Which of the following pure compounds will exhibit hydrogen bonding? a) CH 3 CH 2 OH b) CH 2 O c) C 2 H 4 d) C 2 H 2 e) CH 3 OCH 3 f) CH 3 NH 2 g) C 3 H 8 h) NH 3

Identify the major product(s) for each of the following reactions. If any of the reactions do not yield a product, indicate no reaction. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Br2 hv I2 I2 hv

Identify the reagents you would use to convert 2-bromo-2-methylbutane into 3-methyl-1-butyne.

Identify the reagents you would use to convert 1-pentene into a geminal dibromide (geminal indicates that both bromine atoms are connected to the same carbon atom).

Identify which compounds below possess a molecular dipole moment and indicate the direction of that dipole moment: a. b. c. d. :i: i: .CI: II .C. .C. H. :: :Cl: . .C. .C. di: . CHO

Predict the product of the following reaction. M 1) LIAID, 2) H20 Me

Suggest an efficient synthesis for the following transformation: OH

For each reaction below, draw the mechanism (curved arrows) and then predict which side of the reaction is favored under equilibrium conditions. (a) (b) (c) (d) H.

Starting with acetylene as your only source of carbon atoms, propose a plausible synthesis for 1, 4-dioxane: 1,4-Dioxane

Provide an IUPAC name for each of the following alcohols: a.

The S N 2 reaction between a Grignard reagent and an epoxide works reasonably well when the epoxide is ethylene oxide. However, when the epoxide is substituted with groups that provide steric...

Identify which two compounds below are constitutional isomers: (CH].C,H, (CH),c, (CH),,

In each of the following transformations, identify whether the starting material has been oxidized, reduced, or neither. Try to determine the answer without calculating Oxidation states, and then use...

Show how you would use a Grignard reaction to prepare each compound below. a. b. c. d. e. f. OH

Consider the following two dienes. When treated with HBr, one of these dienes yields four products, while the other diene yields only two products. Explain.

Using any compounds that have no more than two carbon atoms, identify a method for preparing each of the following compounds: a. b. c. d.

Cylopentadiene reacts very rapidly in Diels-Alder reactions. In contrast, 1,3-cyclohexadiene reacts more slowly and 1,3-cycloheptadiene is practically unreactive. Can you offer an explanation for...

There are many stereo-isomers of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-hexachlorocyclohexane. One of those stereo-isomers undergoes E2 elimination thousands of times more slowly than the other stereo-isomers. Identify...

Deduce the structure of a compound with molecular formula C 5 H 10 O that exhibits the following IR, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR spectra. Data from the mass spectrum are also provided. 100 Mass Spec. Data...

Under what conditions are H and U for a reaction involving gases and/or liquids or solids identical?

Consider the following [4+4] cycloaddition process. Would you expect this process to occur through a thermal or photochemical pathway? Justify your answer with MO theory. +

Each of the following compounds does not participate as a diene in a Diels-Alder reaction. Explain why in each case. (a) (b) (c) (d)

Suggest reagents that would achieve the following transformation: CI CI CI

Identify the reagents you would use to achieve each of the following transformations: (a) Conversion of all of the carbon atoms in bromoethane into CO 2 gas (b) Conversion of all of the carbon atoms...

Compound A has molecular formula C 7 H 12 . Hydrogenation of compound A produces 2 methylhexane. Hydroboration-oxidation of compound A produces an aldehyde. Draw the structure of compound A, and draw...

Consider the following reaction: a. Draw the mechanism of this reaction. b. What is the rate equation of this reaction? c. Draw an energy diagram of the reaction. H2SO, Heat OH

Show that (C V /V) T = T( 2 P/ T 2 ) V

When isopropylbenzene (cumene) is treated with NBS and irradiated with UV light, only one product is obtained. Propose a mechanism, and explain why only one product is formed. Br NBS hv

Indicate whether you would use sodium ethoxide or potassium tert-butoxide to achieve each of the following transformations: a. b. c. d. Br Br

Is the ratio of fugacity to pressure greater to or less than one if the attractive part of the interaction potential between gas molecules dominates?

In each of the following cases identify the alkene that is expected to be more reactive toward acid-catalyzed hydration. a. b. 2-Methyl-2-butene or 3-methyl-1-butene or

Identify the reagents that would be necessary to accomplish each of the transformations shown here: Br

Identify the reagents you would use to achieve each of the following transformations: (a) (b)

Predict the major product expected for each of the following reactions: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) ? XS HCI CI 1) xs NANH/NH3 2) H,0 CI

The Williamson ether synthesis cannot be used to prepare tert-butyl phenyl ether. a. Explain why this method cannot be used in this case. b. Suggest an alternative method for preparing tert-butyl...

Draw the major product(s) expected when each of the following alkynes is treated with aqueous acid in the presence of mercuric sulfate (HgSO 4 ): (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

One mole of H 2 O(l) is super cooled to 3.75C at 1 bar pressure. The freezing temperature of water at this pressure is 0.00C. The transformation H 2 O(l) H 2 O(s) is suddenly observed to occur. By...

When 5-bromo-2, 2-dimethyl-1-pentanol is treated with sodium hydride, a compound with molecular formula C 7 H 14 O is obtained. Identify the structure of this compound. NaH, Br -40

Draw a plausible mechanism for the following transformation: , [H2SO4]

Propose a plausible mechanism for the reaction below: [H2SO4] N- - . -N.

Predict the products obtained when 1-pentyne reacts with each of the following reagents: (a) H 2 SO 4 , H 2 O, HgSO 4 (b) 9-BBN followed by H 2 O 2 , NaOH (c) Two equivalents of HBr (d) One...

Lindane (hexachlorocyclohexane) is an agricultural insecticide that can also be used in the treatment of head lice. Draw both chair conformations of lindane. CI CI 'CI CI I Lindane

Which of the following compounds has the larger dipole moment? Explain your choice: CHCl 3 or CBrCl 3

Draw curved arrows for each step of the following mechanism: . . -CH;So --S0 NO2

Draw curved arrows for each step of the following mechanism: : : : 0: . : : -O: : - : : : : H20 -

What reagents would you use to prepare each of the following thiols: a. b. c. SH SH

There are four isomers with molecular formula C 4 H 9 Cl. Only one of these isomers (compound A) has a chirality center. When compound A is treated with sodium ethoxide, three products are formed:...

Propose an efficient synthesis for each of the following transformations: (a) (b) (c) OH

Draw a plausible mechanism for the following transformation: -NH2 [H,SO] NH2 [-H,0]

Predict the product(s) for each reaction below: (a) (b) (c) (d) * OMe * OMe

Predict the major product for each of the following intramolecular reactions: (a) (b) [H*] -2 NH2 [H] NH2 -H20