A current is established in a gas discharge tube when a sufficiently high potential difference is applied across the two electrodes in the tube. The gas ionizes; electrons move toward the positive terminal and singly charged positive ions toward the negative terminal.

(a) What is the current in a hydrogen discharge tube in which 3.1 x 1018 electrons and 1.1 x 1018 protons move past a cross-sectional area of the tube each second?

(b) Is the direction of the current density J toward or away from the negative terminal?