Question: A process temperature sensor/transmitter in a fermentation reactor exhibits second-order dynamics with time constants of 1 s and 0.1 s. If the quantity being measured

A process temperature sensor/transmitter in a fermentation reactor exhibits second-order dynamics with time constants of 1 s and 0.1 s. If the quantity being measured changes at a constant rate of 0.1 °C/s, what is the maximum error that this instrument combination will exhibit? ‘What is the effect of neglecting the smaller time constant? Show your results on a response plot.

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